Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation

The texture and the surface chemistry of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were modified using a solvent-free methodology involving a ball-milling mechanical treatment and thermal treatment under nitrogen in the presence of adequate precursors (melamine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and bo...

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Main Authors:	Olívia Salomé G. P. Soares, Raquel P. Rocha, José J. M. Órfão, Manuel Fernando R. Pereira, José L. Figueiredo
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2019-06-01
Series:	C
Subjects:	metal-free carbon catalysts doped carbon nanotubes heteroatoms catalytic wet air oxidation ball milling
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/5/2/30

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spelling	doaj-0dd4728b840441d7ae6f4eec6d5b1ea22020-11-25T01:16:17ZengMDPI AGC2311-56292019-06-01523010.3390/c5020030c5020030Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air OxidationOlívia Salomé G. P. Soares0Raquel P. Rocha1José J. M. Órfão2Manuel Fernando R. Pereira3José L. Figueiredo4Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalThe texture and the surface chemistry of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were modified using a solvent-free methodology involving a ball-milling mechanical treatment and thermal treatment under nitrogen in the presence of adequate precursors (melamine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and boric acid) of different heteroatoms (N, S, P, and B, respectively). The incorporation of these heteroatoms promotes significant changes in the pristine textural and chemical properties. This easy post-doping method allows the introduction of large concentrations of heteroatoms. Their effect on the catalytic activity of the materials was evaluated in the oxidation of oxalic acid by catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO), as an alternative to the noble metal and rare earth oxide catalysts traditionally used in this process. Improved catalytic activities were obtained using the N-, P-, and B-doped CNTs in oxalic acid oxidation, while the S-doped CNT sample underperformed in comparison to the pristine material.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/5/2/30metal-free carbon catalystsdoped carbon nanotubesheteroatomscatalytic wet air oxidationball milling
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Olívia Salomé G. P. Soares Raquel P. Rocha José J. M. Órfão Manuel Fernando R. Pereira José L. Figueiredo
spellingShingle	Olívia Salomé G. P. Soares Raquel P. Rocha José J. M. Órfão Manuel Fernando R. Pereira José L. Figueiredo Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation C metal-free carbon catalysts doped carbon nanotubes heteroatoms catalytic wet air oxidation ball milling
author_facet	Olívia Salomé G. P. Soares Raquel P. Rocha José J. M. Órfão Manuel Fernando R. Pereira José L. Figueiredo
author_sort	Olívia Salomé G. P. Soares
title	Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation
title_short	Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation
title_full	Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation
title_fullStr	Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation
title_sort	mechanothermal approach for n-, s-, p-, and b-doping of carbon nanotubes: methodology and catalytic performance in wet air oxidation
publisher	MDPI AG
series	C
issn	2311-5629
publishDate	2019-06-01
description	The texture and the surface chemistry of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were modified using a solvent-free methodology involving a ball-milling mechanical treatment and thermal treatment under nitrogen in the presence of adequate precursors (melamine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and boric acid) of different heteroatoms (N, S, P, and B, respectively). The incorporation of these heteroatoms promotes significant changes in the pristine textural and chemical properties. This easy post-doping method allows the introduction of large concentrations of heteroatoms. Their effect on the catalytic activity of the materials was evaluated in the oxidation of oxalic acid by catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO), as an alternative to the noble metal and rare earth oxide catalysts traditionally used in this process. Improved catalytic activities were obtained using the N-, P-, and B-doped CNTs in oxalic acid oxidation, while the S-doped CNT sample underperformed in comparison to the pristine material.
topic	metal-free carbon catalysts doped carbon nanotubes heteroatoms catalytic wet air oxidation ball milling
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/5/2/30
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Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation

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