Evaluation of Flexible and Integrative Psychiatric Treatment Models in Germany—A Mixed-Method Patient and Staff-Oriented Exploratory Study

• Main Authors: Sebastian von Peter, Yuriy Ignatyev, Jakob Johne, Sonja Indefrey, Onur Alp Kankaya, Burkhard Rehr, Manfred Zeipert, Andreas Bechdolf, Thomas Birkner, Arno Deister, Annette Duve, Sandeep Rout, Harald Scherk, Anna Schulz-Dubois, Bettina Wilms, Dyrk Zedlick, Peter Grollich, Bernard Braun, Jürgen Timm, Martin Heinze
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-01-01
• Series: Frontiers in Psychiatry
• Subjects: implementation; cross sectoral mental health care; user evaluation; staff evaluation; mixed method; regional budget
• Online Access: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00785/full

Contrary to the practice in some countries, access to flexible and integrated forms of psychiatric care (FIT models) is limited in Germany. Several legislations have been introduced to improve this situation, notably the recent §64b (flexible and integrative treatment model; FIT64b) of the German Social Code, which allows for a capitation-based accounting of fees for services. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of FIT64b implementation on various stakeholders (patients, informal caregivers and staff) in 12 psychiatric hospital departments across Germany. Structural as well as quantitative and qualitative data are included, with integration of different methodological approaches. In all departments, the implementation of the new accounting system resulted into a relatively stable set of structural and processual changes where rigid forms of mainly inpatient care shifted to more flexible and integrated types of outpatient and outreach treatments. These changes were more likely to be perceived by patients and staff, and likewise received better evaluations, in those departments showing higher level or longer duration of implementation. Patients' evaluations, furthermore, were largely influenced by the advent of continuous forms of care, better accessibility, and by their degree of autonomy in steering of their services.