Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate

Biomass pyrolysis and polypropylene (PP) pyrolysis in a stirred tank reactor exhibited different heat transfer phenomena whereby heat transfer in biomass pyrolysis was driven predominantly by heat radiation and PP pyrolysis by heat convection. Therefore, co-pyrolysis could exhibit be expected to dis...

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Main Authors: Dijan Supramono, Adithya Fernando Sitorus, Mohammad Nasikin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-01-01
Series:Processes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/1/57
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spelling doaj-1f06ef3a37de42b08cfcfc87d3e1a8f62020-11-25T01:42:56ZengMDPI AGProcesses2227-97172020-01-01815710.3390/pr8010057pr8010057Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating RateDijan Supramono0Adithya Fernando Sitorus1Mohammad Nasikin2Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, IndonesiaBiomass pyrolysis and polypropylene (PP) pyrolysis in a stirred tank reactor exhibited different heat transfer phenomena whereby heat transfer in biomass pyrolysis was driven predominantly by heat radiation and PP pyrolysis by heat convection. Therefore, co-pyrolysis could exhibit be expected to display various heat transfer phenomena depending on the feed composition. The objective of the present work was to determine how heat transfer, which was affected by feed composition, affected the yield and composition of the non-polar fraction. Analysis of heat transfer phenomena was based on the existence of two regimes in the previous research in which in regime 1 (the range of PP composition in the feeds is 0&#8722;40%), mass ejection from biomass particles occurred without biomass particle swelling, while in regime 2 (the range of PP composition in the feeds is 40&#8722;100%), mass ejection was preceded by biomass particle swelling. The co-pyrolysis was carried out in a stirred tank reactor with heating rate of 5 &#176;C/min until 500 &#176;C and using N<sub>2</sub> gas as carrier gas. Temperature measurement was applied to pyrolysis fluid at the lower part of the reactor and small biomass spheres of 6 mm diameter to simulate heat transfer to biomass particles. The results indicate that in regime 1 convective and radiative heat transfers sparingly occurred and synergistic effect on the yield of non-oxygenated phase increased with increasing convective heat transfer at increasing %PP in feed. On the other hand, in regime 2, convective heat transfer was predominant with decreasing synergistic effect at increasing %PP in feed. The optimum PP composition in feed to reach maximum synergistic effect was 50%. Non-oxygenated phase portion in the reactor leading to the wax formation acted as donor of methyl and hydrogen radicals in the removal of oxygen to improve synergistic effect. Non-oxygenated fraction of bio-oil contained mostly methyl comprising about 53% by mole fraction, while commercial diesel contained mostly methylene comprising about 59% by mole fractionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/1/57biomasspolypropylenecorn cobsco-pyrolysisheat transfersynergistic effect
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Dijan Supramono
Adithya Fernando Sitorus
Mohammad Nasikin
spellingShingle Dijan Supramono
Adithya Fernando Sitorus
Mohammad Nasikin
Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate
Processes
biomass
polypropylene
corn cobs
co-pyrolysis
heat transfer
synergistic effect
author_facet Dijan Supramono
Adithya Fernando Sitorus
Mohammad Nasikin
author_sort Dijan Supramono
title Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate
title_short Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate
title_full Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate
title_fullStr Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate
title_full_unstemmed Synergistic Effect on the Non-Oxygenated Fraction of Bio-Oil in Thermal Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Polypropylene at Low Heating Rate
title_sort synergistic effect on the non-oxygenated fraction of bio-oil in thermal co-pyrolysis of biomass and polypropylene at low heating rate
publisher MDPI AG
series Processes
issn 2227-9717
publishDate 2020-01-01
description Biomass pyrolysis and polypropylene (PP) pyrolysis in a stirred tank reactor exhibited different heat transfer phenomena whereby heat transfer in biomass pyrolysis was driven predominantly by heat radiation and PP pyrolysis by heat convection. Therefore, co-pyrolysis could exhibit be expected to display various heat transfer phenomena depending on the feed composition. The objective of the present work was to determine how heat transfer, which was affected by feed composition, affected the yield and composition of the non-polar fraction. Analysis of heat transfer phenomena was based on the existence of two regimes in the previous research in which in regime 1 (the range of PP composition in the feeds is 0&#8722;40%), mass ejection from biomass particles occurred without biomass particle swelling, while in regime 2 (the range of PP composition in the feeds is 40&#8722;100%), mass ejection was preceded by biomass particle swelling. The co-pyrolysis was carried out in a stirred tank reactor with heating rate of 5 &#176;C/min until 500 &#176;C and using N<sub>2</sub> gas as carrier gas. Temperature measurement was applied to pyrolysis fluid at the lower part of the reactor and small biomass spheres of 6 mm diameter to simulate heat transfer to biomass particles. The results indicate that in regime 1 convective and radiative heat transfers sparingly occurred and synergistic effect on the yield of non-oxygenated phase increased with increasing convective heat transfer at increasing %PP in feed. On the other hand, in regime 2, convective heat transfer was predominant with decreasing synergistic effect at increasing %PP in feed. The optimum PP composition in feed to reach maximum synergistic effect was 50%. Non-oxygenated phase portion in the reactor leading to the wax formation acted as donor of methyl and hydrogen radicals in the removal of oxygen to improve synergistic effect. Non-oxygenated fraction of bio-oil contained mostly methyl comprising about 53% by mole fraction, while commercial diesel contained mostly methylene comprising about 59% by mole fraction
topic biomass
polypropylene
corn cobs
co-pyrolysis
heat transfer
synergistic effect
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/1/57
work_keys_str_mv AT dijansupramono synergisticeffectonthenonoxygenatedfractionofbiooilinthermalcopyrolysisofbiomassandpolypropyleneatlowheatingrate
AT adithyafernandositorus synergisticeffectonthenonoxygenatedfractionofbiooilinthermalcopyrolysisofbiomassandpolypropyleneatlowheatingrate
AT mohammadnasikin synergisticeffectonthenonoxygenatedfractionofbiooilinthermalcopyrolysisofbiomassandpolypropyleneatlowheatingrate
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