Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil
Di-(2-ethylehxyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most broadly representative phthalic acid esters (PAEs) used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production, and is considered to be an endocrine-disrupting chemical. DEHP and its monoester metabolites are responsible for adverse effects on h...
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doaj-201b41778eea404399f5818a8ee570362020-11-24T23:43:25ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1660-46012018-05-0115596410.3390/ijerph15050964ijerph15050964Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and SoilTing Yang0Lei Ren1Yang Jia2Shuanghu Fan3Junhuan Wang4Jiayi Wang5Ruth Nahurira6Haisheng Wang7Yanchun Yan8Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaAgricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaDi-(2-ethylehxyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most broadly representative phthalic acid esters (PAEs) used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production, and is considered to be an endocrine-disrupting chemical. DEHP and its monoester metabolites are responsible for adverse effects on human health. An efficient DEHP-degrading bacterial strain Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1, with super salt tolerance (0–12% NaCl), is the first DEHP-degrader isolated from marine plastic debris found in coastal saline seawater. Strain YC-YT1 completely degraded 100 mg/L DEHP within three days (pH 7.0, 30 °C). According to high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis, DEHP was transformed by strain YC-YT1 into phthalate (PA) via mono (2-ethylehxyl) phthalate (MEHP), then PA was used for cell growth. Furthermore, YC-YT1 metabolized initial concentrations of DEHP ranging from 0.5 to 1000 mg/L. Especially, YC-YT1 degraded up to 60% of the 0.5 mg/L initial DEHP concentration. Moreover, compared with previous reports, strain YC-YT1 had the largest substrate spectrum, degrading up to 13 kinds of PAEs as well as diphenyl, p-nitrophenol, PA, benzoic acid, phenol, protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, catechol, and 1,2,3,3-tetrachlorobenzene. The excellent environmental adaptability of strain YC-YT1 contributed to its ability to adjust its cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) so that 79.7–95.9% of DEHP-contaminated agricultural soil, river water, coastal sediment, and coastal seawater were remedied. These results demonstrate that R. ruber YC-YT1 has vast potential to bioremediate various DEHP-contaminated environments, especially in saline environments.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/5/964biodegradationdi-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalateRhodococcus rubermarine plastic debrisbioremediation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ting Yang Lei Ren Yang Jia Shuanghu Fan Junhuan Wang Jiayi Wang Ruth Nahurira Haisheng Wang Yanchun Yan |
spellingShingle |
Ting Yang Lei Ren Yang Jia Shuanghu Fan Junhuan Wang Jiayi Wang Ruth Nahurira Haisheng Wang Yanchun Yan Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health biodegradation di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Rhodococcus ruber marine plastic debris bioremediation |
author_facet |
Ting Yang Lei Ren Yang Jia Shuanghu Fan Junhuan Wang Jiayi Wang Ruth Nahurira Haisheng Wang Yanchun Yan |
author_sort |
Ting Yang |
title |
Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil |
title_short |
Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil |
title_full |
Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil |
title_fullStr |
Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biodegradation of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate by Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1 in Contaminated Water and Soil |
title_sort |
biodegradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by rhodococcus ruber yc-yt1 in contaminated water and soil |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2018-05-01 |
description |
Di-(2-ethylehxyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most broadly representative phthalic acid esters (PAEs) used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production, and is considered to be an endocrine-disrupting chemical. DEHP and its monoester metabolites are responsible for adverse effects on human health. An efficient DEHP-degrading bacterial strain Rhodococcus ruber YC-YT1, with super salt tolerance (0–12% NaCl), is the first DEHP-degrader isolated from marine plastic debris found in coastal saline seawater. Strain YC-YT1 completely degraded 100 mg/L DEHP within three days (pH 7.0, 30 °C). According to high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis, DEHP was transformed by strain YC-YT1 into phthalate (PA) via mono (2-ethylehxyl) phthalate (MEHP), then PA was used for cell growth. Furthermore, YC-YT1 metabolized initial concentrations of DEHP ranging from 0.5 to 1000 mg/L. Especially, YC-YT1 degraded up to 60% of the 0.5 mg/L initial DEHP concentration. Moreover, compared with previous reports, strain YC-YT1 had the largest substrate spectrum, degrading up to 13 kinds of PAEs as well as diphenyl, p-nitrophenol, PA, benzoic acid, phenol, protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, catechol, and 1,2,3,3-tetrachlorobenzene. The excellent environmental adaptability of strain YC-YT1 contributed to its ability to adjust its cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) so that 79.7–95.9% of DEHP-contaminated agricultural soil, river water, coastal sediment, and coastal seawater were remedied. These results demonstrate that R. ruber YC-YT1 has vast potential to bioremediate various DEHP-contaminated environments, especially in saline environments. |
topic |
biodegradation di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Rhodococcus ruber marine plastic debris bioremediation |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/5/964 |
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