Pain and Lethality Induced by Insect Stings: An Exploratory and Correlational Study

Pain is a natural bioassay for detecting and quantifying biological activities of venoms. The painfulness of stings delivered by ants, wasps, and bees can be easily measured in the field or lab using the stinging insect pain scale that rates the pain intensity from 1 to 4, with 1 being minor pain, a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Justin O. Schmidt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-07-01
Series:Toxins
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/7/427