Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway
Background and Objective: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been the major issue of public health. Panax ginseng (ginseng) has been verified as an effective traditional Chinese medicines and exerted cardioprotective effect. This study aimed to investigate the polysaccharide fraction of ginseng on hyp...
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doaj-26bfc9558e074bb391a499edd3dec60d2020-11-24T21:29:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2018-06-01910.3389/fphys.2018.00699347949Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK PathwayYi-Han Zuo0Quan-Bin Han1Geng-Ting Dong2Rui-Qi Yue3Xue-Cong Ren4Jian-Xin Liu5Jian-Xin Liu6Liang Liu7Pei Luo8Hua Zhou9Hua Zhou10State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, ChinaInternational Institute of Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaBackground and Objective: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been the major issue of public health. Panax ginseng (ginseng) has been verified as an effective traditional Chinese medicines and exerted cardioprotective effect. This study aimed to investigate the polysaccharide fraction of ginseng on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Ginseng was extracted by ethanol and fractionated by high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) and column separation. The cardioprotective effect was evaluated in H9c2 cardiomyocytes underwent H/R treatment. The cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial respiration were examined.Results: An acid polysaccharides fraction of ginseng (AP1) was identified the most effective fraction in protecting cardiomyocytes from H/R injury. AP1 restored the mitochondrial function by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), blocking the release of cytochrome C, and increasing the ATP generation and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, AP1 induced the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor (ER) which further activated reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway. Finally, AP1 increased nitric oxide (NO) production and regulated endothelial function by increasing endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression and decreasing inducible NOS (iNOS) expression in H/R injury.Conclusion: The results suggested that AP1 exerted a protective effect in myocardial H/R injury mainly through maintaining myocardial mitochondrial function, thereby inhibiting myocardial H/R caused apoptosis and increasing the expressions of GR and ER, which in turn mediated the activation of RISK pathway and eNOS-dependent mechanism to resist the reperfusion injury.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.00699/fullPanax ginsengacidic polysaccharidescardioprotectionmitochondrial metabolismRISK pathway |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yi-Han Zuo Quan-Bin Han Geng-Ting Dong Rui-Qi Yue Xue-Cong Ren Jian-Xin Liu Jian-Xin Liu Liang Liu Pei Luo Hua Zhou Hua Zhou |
spellingShingle |
Yi-Han Zuo Quan-Bin Han Geng-Ting Dong Rui-Qi Yue Xue-Cong Ren Jian-Xin Liu Jian-Xin Liu Liang Liu Pei Luo Hua Zhou Hua Zhou Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway Frontiers in Physiology Panax ginseng acidic polysaccharides cardioprotection mitochondrial metabolism RISK pathway |
author_facet |
Yi-Han Zuo Quan-Bin Han Geng-Ting Dong Rui-Qi Yue Xue-Cong Ren Jian-Xin Liu Jian-Xin Liu Liang Liu Pei Luo Hua Zhou Hua Zhou |
author_sort |
Yi-Han Zuo |
title |
Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway |
title_short |
Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway |
title_full |
Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway |
title_fullStr |
Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Panax ginseng Polysaccharide Protected H9c2 Cardiomyocyte From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism and RISK Pathway |
title_sort |
panax ginseng polysaccharide protected h9c2 cardiomyocyte from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through regulating mitochondrial metabolism and risk pathway |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2018-06-01 |
description |
Background and Objective: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been the major issue of public health. Panax ginseng (ginseng) has been verified as an effective traditional Chinese medicines and exerted cardioprotective effect. This study aimed to investigate the polysaccharide fraction of ginseng on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Ginseng was extracted by ethanol and fractionated by high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) and column separation. The cardioprotective effect was evaluated in H9c2 cardiomyocytes underwent H/R treatment. The cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial respiration were examined.Results: An acid polysaccharides fraction of ginseng (AP1) was identified the most effective fraction in protecting cardiomyocytes from H/R injury. AP1 restored the mitochondrial function by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), blocking the release of cytochrome C, and increasing the ATP generation and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, AP1 induced the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor (ER) which further activated reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway. Finally, AP1 increased nitric oxide (NO) production and regulated endothelial function by increasing endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression and decreasing inducible NOS (iNOS) expression in H/R injury.Conclusion: The results suggested that AP1 exerted a protective effect in myocardial H/R injury mainly through maintaining myocardial mitochondrial function, thereby inhibiting myocardial H/R caused apoptosis and increasing the expressions of GR and ER, which in turn mediated the activation of RISK pathway and eNOS-dependent mechanism to resist the reperfusion injury. |
topic |
Panax ginseng acidic polysaccharides cardioprotection mitochondrial metabolism RISK pathway |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.00699/full |
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