Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization
This study evaluated the effects of fluoride on subsurface enamel demineralization induced by two commonly used chemical models. Forty-eight enamel blocks were demineralized at pH = 5.0 by an acetate buffer (Group 1), a lactate buffer (Group 2), an acetate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 3) and...
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doaj-27b6d10a0311470f95975a8ce360a6b62020-11-24T21:45:06ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442017-10-011011124510.3390/ma10111245ma10111245Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel DemineralizationOllie Yiru Yu0May Lei Mei1Irene Shuping Zhao2Edward Chin-Man Lo3Chun-Hung Chu4Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaFaculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaFaculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaFaculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaFaculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaThis study evaluated the effects of fluoride on subsurface enamel demineralization induced by two commonly used chemical models. Forty-eight enamel blocks were demineralized at pH = 5.0 by an acetate buffer (Group 1), a lactate buffer (Group 2), an acetate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 3) and a lactate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 4) at 25 °C for 3 weeks. The surface destruction percentage (SDP), mineral loss and lesion depth of the blocks were studied using micro-computed tomography. An elemental analysis of the enamel surface was evaluated using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Surface micro-hardness was determined by the Knoop Hardness Test. The mean lesion depth of Groups 1 through 4 were 134.1 ± 27.2 μm, 96.1 ± 16.5 μm, 97.5 ± 22.4 μm and 91.1 ± 16.2 μm, respectively (p < 0.001; group 1 > 2, 3 > 4). The SDPs of groups 1 through 4 were 7.8 ± 8.93%, 0.71 ± 1.6%, 0.36 ± 1.70% and 1.36 ± 2.94% (p < 0.001; group 1 > 2, 3, 4). The fluoride in mean weight percentages of groups 1 through 4 were 1.12 ± 0.24%, 1.10 ± 0.20%, 1.45 ± 0.40% and 1.51 ± 0.51%, respectively (p < 0.001; group 3, 4 > 1, 2). The mean Knoop hardness values of groups 1 through 4 were 27.5 ± 13.3, 39.7 ± 19.3, 73.6 ± 44.2 and 91.0 ± 57.2, respectively (p < 0.001; group 4 > 3 > 2 > 1). The chemical model using an acetate buffer solution created significantly deeper zones of subsurface demineralization on enamel than the lactate buffer solution. An acetate buffer may damage the enamel surface, but the surface damage can be prevented by adding fluoride.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/10/11/1245demineralizationenamelfluoride |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ollie Yiru Yu May Lei Mei Irene Shuping Zhao Edward Chin-Man Lo Chun-Hung Chu |
spellingShingle |
Ollie Yiru Yu May Lei Mei Irene Shuping Zhao Edward Chin-Man Lo Chun-Hung Chu Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization Materials demineralization enamel fluoride |
author_facet |
Ollie Yiru Yu May Lei Mei Irene Shuping Zhao Edward Chin-Man Lo Chun-Hung Chu |
author_sort |
Ollie Yiru Yu |
title |
Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization |
title_short |
Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization |
title_full |
Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization |
title_fullStr |
Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Fluoride on Two Chemical Models of Enamel Demineralization |
title_sort |
effects of fluoride on two chemical models of enamel demineralization |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2017-10-01 |
description |
This study evaluated the effects of fluoride on subsurface enamel demineralization induced by two commonly used chemical models. Forty-eight enamel blocks were demineralized at pH = 5.0 by an acetate buffer (Group 1), a lactate buffer (Group 2), an acetate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 3) and a lactate buffer with 0.02 ppm fluoride (Group 4) at 25 °C for 3 weeks. The surface destruction percentage (SDP), mineral loss and lesion depth of the blocks were studied using micro-computed tomography. An elemental analysis of the enamel surface was evaluated using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Surface micro-hardness was determined by the Knoop Hardness Test. The mean lesion depth of Groups 1 through 4 were 134.1 ± 27.2 μm, 96.1 ± 16.5 μm, 97.5 ± 22.4 μm and 91.1 ± 16.2 μm, respectively (p < 0.001; group 1 > 2, 3 > 4). The SDPs of groups 1 through 4 were 7.8 ± 8.93%, 0.71 ± 1.6%, 0.36 ± 1.70% and 1.36 ± 2.94% (p < 0.001; group 1 > 2, 3, 4). The fluoride in mean weight percentages of groups 1 through 4 were 1.12 ± 0.24%, 1.10 ± 0.20%, 1.45 ± 0.40% and 1.51 ± 0.51%, respectively (p < 0.001; group 3, 4 > 1, 2). The mean Knoop hardness values of groups 1 through 4 were 27.5 ± 13.3, 39.7 ± 19.3, 73.6 ± 44.2 and 91.0 ± 57.2, respectively (p < 0.001; group 4 > 3 > 2 > 1). The chemical model using an acetate buffer solution created significantly deeper zones of subsurface demineralization on enamel than the lactate buffer solution. An acetate buffer may damage the enamel surface, but the surface damage can be prevented by adding fluoride. |
topic |
demineralization enamel fluoride |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/10/11/1245 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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