Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique
BackgroundThe forehead, which occupies about one third of the face, is one of the major determinants of a feminine or masculine look. Various methods have been used for the augmentation of the forehead using autologous fat grafts or alloplastic materials. Methylmethacrylate (MMA) is the most appropr...
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Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons
2013-09-01
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doaj-2aa1235872f74cdf8d857b2447d3832e2020-11-24T21:58:56ZengKorean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeonsArchives of Plastic Surgery2234-61632234-61712013-09-01405597602249Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding TechniqueDong Kwon Park0Ingook Song1Jin Hyo Lee2Young June You3Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.Bone Plastic Surgery Clinics, Seoul, Korea.Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.BackgroundThe forehead, which occupies about one third of the face, is one of the major determinants of a feminine or masculine look. Various methods have been used for the augmentation of the forehead using autologous fat grafts or alloplastic materials. Methylmethacrylate (MMA) is the most appropriate material for augmentation of the forehead, and we have used an injection-molding technique with MMA to achieve satisfactory results.MethodsUnder local anesthesia with intravenous (IV) sedation, an incision was made on the scalp and a meticulous and delicate subperiosteal dissection was then performed. MMA monomers and polymers were mixed, the dough was injected into the space created, and manual molding was performed along with direct inspection. This surgery was indicated for patients who wanted to correct an unattractive appearance by forehead augmentation. Every patient in this study visited our clinics 3 months after surgery to evaluate the results. We judged the postoperative results in terms of re-operation rates caused by the dissatisfaction of the patients and complications.ResultsDuring a 13-year period, 516 patients underwent forehead augmentation with MMA. With the injection-molding technique, the inner surface of the MMA implant is positioned close to the underlying frontal bone, which minimizes the gap between the implant and bone. The borders of the implant should be tapered sufficiently until no longer palpable or visible. Only 28 patients (5.4%) underwent a re-operation due to an undesirable postoperative appearance.ConclusionsThe injection-molding technique using MMA is a simple, safe, and ideal method for the augmentation of the forehead.http://www.e-aps.org/upload/pdf/aps-40-597.pdfForeheadMethylmethacrylateSurgery, plastic |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dong Kwon Park Ingook Song Jin Hyo Lee Young June You |
spellingShingle |
Dong Kwon Park Ingook Song Jin Hyo Lee Young June You Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique Archives of Plastic Surgery Forehead Methylmethacrylate Surgery, plastic |
author_facet |
Dong Kwon Park Ingook Song Jin Hyo Lee Young June You |
author_sort |
Dong Kwon Park |
title |
Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique |
title_short |
Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique |
title_full |
Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique |
title_fullStr |
Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique |
title_full_unstemmed |
Forehead Augmentation with a Methyl Methacrylate Onlay Implant Using an Injection-Molding Technique |
title_sort |
forehead augmentation with a methyl methacrylate onlay implant using an injection-molding technique |
publisher |
Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons |
series |
Archives of Plastic Surgery |
issn |
2234-6163 2234-6171 |
publishDate |
2013-09-01 |
description |
BackgroundThe forehead, which occupies about one third of the face, is one of the major determinants of a feminine or masculine look. Various methods have been used for the augmentation of the forehead using autologous fat grafts or alloplastic materials. Methylmethacrylate (MMA) is the most appropriate material for augmentation of the forehead, and we have used an injection-molding technique with MMA to achieve satisfactory results.MethodsUnder local anesthesia with intravenous (IV) sedation, an incision was made on the scalp and a meticulous and delicate subperiosteal dissection was then performed. MMA monomers and polymers were mixed, the dough was injected into the space created, and manual molding was performed along with direct inspection. This surgery was indicated for patients who wanted to correct an unattractive appearance by forehead augmentation. Every patient in this study visited our clinics 3 months after surgery to evaluate the results. We judged the postoperative results in terms of re-operation rates caused by the dissatisfaction of the patients and complications.ResultsDuring a 13-year period, 516 patients underwent forehead augmentation with MMA. With the injection-molding technique, the inner surface of the MMA implant is positioned close to the underlying frontal bone, which minimizes the gap between the implant and bone. The borders of the implant should be tapered sufficiently until no longer palpable or visible. Only 28 patients (5.4%) underwent a re-operation due to an undesirable postoperative appearance.ConclusionsThe injection-molding technique using MMA is a simple, safe, and ideal method for the augmentation of the forehead. |
topic |
Forehead Methylmethacrylate Surgery, plastic |
url |
http://www.e-aps.org/upload/pdf/aps-40-597.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
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