Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature

One third of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in many sub-Saharan African counties. The burden is further made worse by the HIV scourge. The number of children with TB and its attendant complications, is equally on...

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Main Authors: Adaeze Chikaodinaka Ayuk, Diane Gray, Aneesa Vanker, Marco Zampoli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2019-01-01
Series:Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007118302399
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spelling doaj-2bbb3cd9d7c847bfaae658a5974bfa532020-11-25T01:33:27ZengElsevierRespiratory Medicine Case Reports2213-00712019-01-0127Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literatureAdaeze Chikaodinaka Ayuk0Diane Gray1Aneesa Vanker2Marco Zampoli3Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town and Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South Africa; Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria; Corresponding author. Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital Cape Town, South Africa.Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town and Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South AfricaDivision of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town and Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South AfricaDivision of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town and Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South AfricaOne third of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in many sub-Saharan African counties. The burden is further made worse by the HIV scourge. The number of children with TB and its attendant complications, is equally on the rise. TB can mimic many diseases ranging from infections to malignancies. Among pleuro-pulmonary TB complications, exudative effusion is more common while chylothorax is rare and thus easily missed especially if not the classical milky appearance.We present two children from a TB endemic region, with microbiologically-confirmed TB presenting with chylothoraces that were initially misdiagnosed as pleural empyema. Tuberculosis in children presenting as chylothorax is uncommon. These cases are instructive as they bring to the fore the importance of a full investigation of pleural effusions in children, to ensure a correct diagnosis and prompt effective management. Keywords: Chylothorax, Lymphadenopathy, Parapneumonic effusion, Pleural fluid, Tuberculosishttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007118302399
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Adaeze Chikaodinaka Ayuk
Diane Gray
Aneesa Vanker
Marco Zampoli
spellingShingle Adaeze Chikaodinaka Ayuk
Diane Gray
Aneesa Vanker
Marco Zampoli
Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
author_facet Adaeze Chikaodinaka Ayuk
Diane Gray
Aneesa Vanker
Marco Zampoli
author_sort Adaeze Chikaodinaka Ayuk
title Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature
title_short Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature
title_full Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature
title_fullStr Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - Report of two cases and review of the literature
title_sort tuberculosis in children presenting with chylothorax - report of two cases and review of the literature
publisher Elsevier
series Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
issn 2213-0071
publishDate 2019-01-01
description One third of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in many sub-Saharan African counties. The burden is further made worse by the HIV scourge. The number of children with TB and its attendant complications, is equally on the rise. TB can mimic many diseases ranging from infections to malignancies. Among pleuro-pulmonary TB complications, exudative effusion is more common while chylothorax is rare and thus easily missed especially if not the classical milky appearance.We present two children from a TB endemic region, with microbiologically-confirmed TB presenting with chylothoraces that were initially misdiagnosed as pleural empyema. Tuberculosis in children presenting as chylothorax is uncommon. These cases are instructive as they bring to the fore the importance of a full investigation of pleural effusions in children, to ensure a correct diagnosis and prompt effective management. Keywords: Chylothorax, Lymphadenopathy, Parapneumonic effusion, Pleural fluid, Tuberculosis
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007118302399
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