The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability

Abstract Phytochromes are the main plant photoreceptors regulating multiple developmental processes. However, the regulatory network of phytochrome-mediated plant reproduction has remained largely unexplored. There are three phytochromes in rice, phyA, phyB and phyC. No changes in fertility are obse...

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Main Authors: Wei Sun, Xiao Hui Xu, Xingbo Lu, Lixia Xie, Bo Bai, Chongke Zheng, Hongwei Sun, Yanan He, Xian-zhi Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2017-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06909-2
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spelling doaj-3439a78730a14718bf0c58971580c96c2020-12-08T02:49:05ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222017-07-017111210.1038/s41598-017-06909-2The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen ViabilityWei Sun0Xiao Hui Xu1Xingbo Lu2Lixia Xie3Bo Bai4Chongke Zheng5Hongwei Sun6Yanan He7Xian-zhi Xie8Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyShandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesShandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesShandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyShandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesShandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesAbstract Phytochromes are the main plant photoreceptors regulating multiple developmental processes. However, the regulatory network of phytochrome-mediated plant reproduction has remained largely unexplored. There are three phytochromes in rice, phyA, phyB and phyC. No changes in fertility are observed in the single mutants, whereas the seed-setting rate of the phyA phyB double mutant is significantly reduced. Histological and cytological analyses showed that the reduced fertility of the phyA phyB mutant was due to defects in both anther and pollen development. The four anther lobes in the phyA phyB mutant were developed at different stages with fewer pollen grains, most of which were aborted. At the mature stage, more than one lobe in the double mutant was just consisted of several cell layers. To identify genes involved in phytochrome-mediated anther development, anther transcriptomes of phyA, phyB and phyA phyB mutants were compared to that of wild-type rice respectively. Analysis of 2,241 double-mutant-specific differentially expressed transcripts revealed that the metabolic profiles, especially carbohydrate metabolism, were altered greatly, and heat-shock responses were activated in the double mutant. This study firstly provides valuable insight into the complex regulatory networks underlying phytochrome-mediated anther and pollen development in plants, and offers novel clues for hybrid rice breeding.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06909-2
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Wei Sun
Xiao Hui Xu
Xingbo Lu
Lixia Xie
Bo Bai
Chongke Zheng
Hongwei Sun
Yanan He
Xian-zhi Xie
spellingShingle Wei Sun
Xiao Hui Xu
Xingbo Lu
Lixia Xie
Bo Bai
Chongke Zheng
Hongwei Sun
Yanan He
Xian-zhi Xie
The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability
Scientific Reports
author_facet Wei Sun
Xiao Hui Xu
Xingbo Lu
Lixia Xie
Bo Bai
Chongke Zheng
Hongwei Sun
Yanan He
Xian-zhi Xie
author_sort Wei Sun
title The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability
title_short The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability
title_full The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability
title_fullStr The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability
title_full_unstemmed The Rice Phytochrome Genes, PHYA and PHYB, Have Synergistic Effects on Anther Development and Pollen Viability
title_sort rice phytochrome genes, phya and phyb, have synergistic effects on anther development and pollen viability
publisher Nature Publishing Group
series Scientific Reports
issn 2045-2322
publishDate 2017-07-01
description Abstract Phytochromes are the main plant photoreceptors regulating multiple developmental processes. However, the regulatory network of phytochrome-mediated plant reproduction has remained largely unexplored. There are three phytochromes in rice, phyA, phyB and phyC. No changes in fertility are observed in the single mutants, whereas the seed-setting rate of the phyA phyB double mutant is significantly reduced. Histological and cytological analyses showed that the reduced fertility of the phyA phyB mutant was due to defects in both anther and pollen development. The four anther lobes in the phyA phyB mutant were developed at different stages with fewer pollen grains, most of which were aborted. At the mature stage, more than one lobe in the double mutant was just consisted of several cell layers. To identify genes involved in phytochrome-mediated anther development, anther transcriptomes of phyA, phyB and phyA phyB mutants were compared to that of wild-type rice respectively. Analysis of 2,241 double-mutant-specific differentially expressed transcripts revealed that the metabolic profiles, especially carbohydrate metabolism, were altered greatly, and heat-shock responses were activated in the double mutant. This study firstly provides valuable insight into the complex regulatory networks underlying phytochrome-mediated anther and pollen development in plants, and offers novel clues for hybrid rice breeding.
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06909-2
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