Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure
Increased rates of Zika virus have been identified in economically deprived areas in Brazil at the population level; yet, the implications of the interaction between socioeconomic position and prenatal Zika virus exposure on adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes remains insufficiently evaluated at the...
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doaj-344041a6a87844c990076042319116ad2020-11-25T04:12:18ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-11-01121342134210.3390/v12111342Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus ExposureGrace M. Power0Suzanna C. Francis1Nuria Sanchez Clemente2Zilton Vasconcelos3Patricia Brasil4Karin Nielsen-Saines5Elizabeth B. Brickley6Maria E. Moreira7Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UKDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UKDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UKFundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilPediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UKFundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, BrazilIncreased rates of Zika virus have been identified in economically deprived areas in Brazil at the population level; yet, the implications of the interaction between socioeconomic position and prenatal Zika virus exposure on adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes remains insufficiently evaluated at the individual level. Using data collected between September 2015 and September 2019 from 163 children with qRT-PCR and/or IgM-confirmed prenatal exposure to Zika virus participating in a prospective cohort study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (NCT03255369), this study evaluated the relationships of socioeconomic indicators with microcephaly at birth and Bayley-III neurodevelopmental scores during the early life course. Adjusted logistic regression models indicated increased odds of microcephaly in children born to families with lower household income (OR, 95% CI: 3.85, 1.43 to 10.37) and higher household crowding (OR, 95% CI: 1.83, 1.16 to 2.91), while maternal secondary and higher education appeared to have a protective effect for microcephaly compared to primary education (OR, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.11 to 0.98 and 0.10, 0.03 to 0.36, respectively). Consistent with these findings, adjusted linear regression models indicated lower composite language (−10.78, 95% CI: −19.87 to −1.69), motor (−10.45, 95% CI: −19.22 to −1.69), and cognitive (−17.20, 95% CI: −26.13 to −8.28) scores in children whose families participated in the Bolsa Família social protection programme. As such, the results from this investigation further emphasise the detrimental effects of childhood disadvantage on human health and development by providing novel evidence on the link between individual level socioeconomic indicators and microcephaly and delayed early life neurodevelopment following prenatal Zika virus exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/11/1342Zika viruscongenital Zika syndromemicrocephalyneurodevelopmentsocioeconomic positionhealth equity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Grace M. Power Suzanna C. Francis Nuria Sanchez Clemente Zilton Vasconcelos Patricia Brasil Karin Nielsen-Saines Elizabeth B. Brickley Maria E. Moreira |
spellingShingle |
Grace M. Power Suzanna C. Francis Nuria Sanchez Clemente Zilton Vasconcelos Patricia Brasil Karin Nielsen-Saines Elizabeth B. Brickley Maria E. Moreira Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure Viruses Zika virus congenital Zika syndrome microcephaly neurodevelopment socioeconomic position health equity |
author_facet |
Grace M. Power Suzanna C. Francis Nuria Sanchez Clemente Zilton Vasconcelos Patricia Brasil Karin Nielsen-Saines Elizabeth B. Brickley Maria E. Moreira |
author_sort |
Grace M. Power |
title |
Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure |
title_short |
Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure |
title_full |
Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure |
title_fullStr |
Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Examining the Association of Socioeconomic Position with Microcephaly and Delayed Childhood Neurodevelopment among Children with Prenatal Zika Virus Exposure |
title_sort |
examining the association of socioeconomic position with microcephaly and delayed childhood neurodevelopment among children with prenatal zika virus exposure |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Increased rates of Zika virus have been identified in economically deprived areas in Brazil at the population level; yet, the implications of the interaction between socioeconomic position and prenatal Zika virus exposure on adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes remains insufficiently evaluated at the individual level. Using data collected between September 2015 and September 2019 from 163 children with qRT-PCR and/or IgM-confirmed prenatal exposure to Zika virus participating in a prospective cohort study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (NCT03255369), this study evaluated the relationships of socioeconomic indicators with microcephaly at birth and Bayley-III neurodevelopmental scores during the early life course. Adjusted logistic regression models indicated increased odds of microcephaly in children born to families with lower household income (OR, 95% CI: 3.85, 1.43 to 10.37) and higher household crowding (OR, 95% CI: 1.83, 1.16 to 2.91), while maternal secondary and higher education appeared to have a protective effect for microcephaly compared to primary education (OR, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.11 to 0.98 and 0.10, 0.03 to 0.36, respectively). Consistent with these findings, adjusted linear regression models indicated lower composite language (−10.78, 95% CI: −19.87 to −1.69), motor (−10.45, 95% CI: −19.22 to −1.69), and cognitive (−17.20, 95% CI: −26.13 to −8.28) scores in children whose families participated in the Bolsa Família social protection programme. As such, the results from this investigation further emphasise the detrimental effects of childhood disadvantage on human health and development by providing novel evidence on the link between individual level socioeconomic indicators and microcephaly and delayed early life neurodevelopment following prenatal Zika virus exposure. |
topic |
Zika virus congenital Zika syndrome microcephaly neurodevelopment socioeconomic position health equity |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/11/1342 |
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