Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.

<h4>Background</h4>Currently, information on species-specific hookworm infection is unavailable in Malaysia and is restricted worldwide due to limited application of molecular diagnostic tools. Given the importance of accurate identification of hookworms, this study was conducted as part...

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Main Authors: Romano Ngui, Yvonne A L Lim, Rebecca Traub, Rohela Mahmud, Mohd Sani Mistam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012-01-01
Series:PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22347515/?tool=EBI
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spelling doaj-39e532ba29d04f01b620de9c07f661622021-03-03T08:07:12ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352012-01-0162e152210.1371/journal.pntd.0001522Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.Romano NguiYvonne A L LimRebecca TraubRohela MahmudMohd Sani Mistam<h4>Background</h4>Currently, information on species-specific hookworm infection is unavailable in Malaysia and is restricted worldwide due to limited application of molecular diagnostic tools. Given the importance of accurate identification of hookworms, this study was conducted as part of an ongoing molecular epidemiological investigation aimed at providing the first documented data on species-specific hookworm infection, associated risk factors and the role of domestic animals as reservoirs for hookworm infections in endemic communities of Malaysia.<h4>Methods/findings</h4>A total of 634 human and 105 domestic canine and feline fecal samples were randomly collected. The overall prevalence of hookworm in humans and animals determined via microscopy was 9.1% (95% CI = 7.0-11.7%) and 61.9% (95% CI = 51.2-71.2%), respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that participants without the provision of proper latrine systems (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.53-8.00; p = 0.003), walking barefooted (OR = 5.6; 95% CI = 2.91-10.73; p<0.001) and in close contact with pets or livestock (OR = 2.9; 95% CI = 1.19-7.15; p = 0.009) were more likely to be infected with hookworms. Molecular analysis revealed that while most hookworm-positive individuals were infected with Necator americanus, Ancylostoma ceylanicum constituted 12.8% of single infections and 10.6% mixed infections with N. americanus. As for cats and dogs, 52.0% were positive for A. ceylanicum, 46.0% for Ancylostoma caninum and 2.0% for Ancylostoma braziliense and all were single infections.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This present study provided evidence based on the combination of epidemiological, conventional diagnostic and molecular tools that A. ceylanicum infection is common and that its transmission dynamic in endemic areas in Malaysia is heightened by the close contact of human and domestic animal (i.e., dogs and cats) populations.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22347515/?tool=EBI
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Romano Ngui
Yvonne A L Lim
Rebecca Traub
Rohela Mahmud
Mohd Sani Mistam
spellingShingle Romano Ngui
Yvonne A L Lim
Rebecca Traub
Rohela Mahmud
Mohd Sani Mistam
Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
author_facet Romano Ngui
Yvonne A L Lim
Rebecca Traub
Rohela Mahmud
Mohd Sani Mistam
author_sort Romano Ngui
title Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
title_short Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
title_full Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
title_fullStr Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of Ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
title_sort epidemiological and genetic data supporting the transmission of ancylostoma ceylanicum among human and domestic animals.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
issn 1935-2727
1935-2735
publishDate 2012-01-01
description <h4>Background</h4>Currently, information on species-specific hookworm infection is unavailable in Malaysia and is restricted worldwide due to limited application of molecular diagnostic tools. Given the importance of accurate identification of hookworms, this study was conducted as part of an ongoing molecular epidemiological investigation aimed at providing the first documented data on species-specific hookworm infection, associated risk factors and the role of domestic animals as reservoirs for hookworm infections in endemic communities of Malaysia.<h4>Methods/findings</h4>A total of 634 human and 105 domestic canine and feline fecal samples were randomly collected. The overall prevalence of hookworm in humans and animals determined via microscopy was 9.1% (95% CI = 7.0-11.7%) and 61.9% (95% CI = 51.2-71.2%), respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that participants without the provision of proper latrine systems (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.53-8.00; p = 0.003), walking barefooted (OR = 5.6; 95% CI = 2.91-10.73; p<0.001) and in close contact with pets or livestock (OR = 2.9; 95% CI = 1.19-7.15; p = 0.009) were more likely to be infected with hookworms. Molecular analysis revealed that while most hookworm-positive individuals were infected with Necator americanus, Ancylostoma ceylanicum constituted 12.8% of single infections and 10.6% mixed infections with N. americanus. As for cats and dogs, 52.0% were positive for A. ceylanicum, 46.0% for Ancylostoma caninum and 2.0% for Ancylostoma braziliense and all were single infections.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This present study provided evidence based on the combination of epidemiological, conventional diagnostic and molecular tools that A. ceylanicum infection is common and that its transmission dynamic in endemic areas in Malaysia is heightened by the close contact of human and domestic animal (i.e., dogs and cats) populations.
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22347515/?tool=EBI
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