Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.

Although the central coast of the Ecuador is considered endemic for Chagas disease, few studies have focused on determining the risk of transmission in this region. In this study we describe the triatomine household infestation in Manabí province (Central Coast region), determine the rate of Trypano...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mario J Grijalva, Anita G Villacís, Ana L Moncayo, Sofia Ocaña-Mayorga, Cesar A Yumiseva, Esteban G Baus
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2017-10-01
Series:PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5638615?pdf=render
id doaj-3ad71c02f9b74220bd61fd640330c6eb
record_format Article
spelling doaj-3ad71c02f9b74220bd61fd640330c6eb2020-11-25T02:04:47ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352017-10-011110e000597010.1371/journal.pntd.0005970Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.Mario J GrijalvaAnita G VillacísAna L MoncayoSofia Ocaña-MayorgaCesar A YumisevaEsteban G BausAlthough the central coast of the Ecuador is considered endemic for Chagas disease, few studies have focused on determining the risk of transmission in this region. In this study we describe the triatomine household infestation in Manabí province (Central Coast region), determine the rate of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and study the risk factors associated with infestation by Rhodnius ecuadoriensis.An entomological survey found three triatomine species (Rhodnius ecuadoriensis, Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus and P. howardi) infesting domiciles in 47.4% of the 78 communities visited (total infestation rate of 4.5%). Four percent of domiciles were infested, and nymphs were observed in 77% of those domiciles. The three species were found in altitudes below 500 masl and in all ecological zones except cloud forest. Within the domicile, we found the three species mostly in bedrooms. Rhodnius ecuadoriensis and P. rufotuberculatus were abundant in bird nests, including chicken coops and P. howardi associated with rats in piles of bricks, in the peridomicile. Triatomine infestation was characterized by high rates of colonization, especially in peridomicile. Flagelates infection was detected in only 12% of the samples by microscopy and Trypanosoma cruzi infection in 42% of the examined triatomines by PCR (n = 372). The most important risk factors for house infestation by R. ecuadoriensis were ecological zone (w = 0.99) and presence of chickens (w = 0.96). Determinants of secondary importance were reporting no insecticide applications over the last twelve months (w = 0.86) and dirt floor (w = 0.70). On the other hand, wood as wall material was a protective factor (w = 0.85).According the results, approximately 571,000 people would be at high risk for T. cruzi infection in Manabí province. A multidisciplinary approximation and the adhesion to a periodic integrated vector management (IVM) program are essential to guarantee sustainable preventive and control strategies for Chagas disease in this region.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5638615?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mario J Grijalva
Anita G Villacís
Ana L Moncayo
Sofia Ocaña-Mayorga
Cesar A Yumiseva
Esteban G Baus
spellingShingle Mario J Grijalva
Anita G Villacís
Ana L Moncayo
Sofia Ocaña-Mayorga
Cesar A Yumiseva
Esteban G Baus
Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
author_facet Mario J Grijalva
Anita G Villacís
Ana L Moncayo
Sofia Ocaña-Mayorga
Cesar A Yumiseva
Esteban G Baus
author_sort Mario J Grijalva
title Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.
title_short Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.
title_full Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.
title_fullStr Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.
title_full_unstemmed Distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal Ecuador.
title_sort distribution of triatomine species in domestic and peridomestic environments in central coastal ecuador.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
issn 1935-2727
1935-2735
publishDate 2017-10-01
description Although the central coast of the Ecuador is considered endemic for Chagas disease, few studies have focused on determining the risk of transmission in this region. In this study we describe the triatomine household infestation in Manabí province (Central Coast region), determine the rate of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and study the risk factors associated with infestation by Rhodnius ecuadoriensis.An entomological survey found three triatomine species (Rhodnius ecuadoriensis, Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus and P. howardi) infesting domiciles in 47.4% of the 78 communities visited (total infestation rate of 4.5%). Four percent of domiciles were infested, and nymphs were observed in 77% of those domiciles. The three species were found in altitudes below 500 masl and in all ecological zones except cloud forest. Within the domicile, we found the three species mostly in bedrooms. Rhodnius ecuadoriensis and P. rufotuberculatus were abundant in bird nests, including chicken coops and P. howardi associated with rats in piles of bricks, in the peridomicile. Triatomine infestation was characterized by high rates of colonization, especially in peridomicile. Flagelates infection was detected in only 12% of the samples by microscopy and Trypanosoma cruzi infection in 42% of the examined triatomines by PCR (n = 372). The most important risk factors for house infestation by R. ecuadoriensis were ecological zone (w = 0.99) and presence of chickens (w = 0.96). Determinants of secondary importance were reporting no insecticide applications over the last twelve months (w = 0.86) and dirt floor (w = 0.70). On the other hand, wood as wall material was a protective factor (w = 0.85).According the results, approximately 571,000 people would be at high risk for T. cruzi infection in Manabí province. A multidisciplinary approximation and the adhesion to a periodic integrated vector management (IVM) program are essential to guarantee sustainable preventive and control strategies for Chagas disease in this region.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5638615?pdf=render
work_keys_str_mv AT mariojgrijalva distributionoftriatominespeciesindomesticandperidomesticenvironmentsincentralcoastalecuador
AT anitagvillacis distributionoftriatominespeciesindomesticandperidomesticenvironmentsincentralcoastalecuador
AT analmoncayo distributionoftriatominespeciesindomesticandperidomesticenvironmentsincentralcoastalecuador
AT sofiaocanamayorga distributionoftriatominespeciesindomesticandperidomesticenvironmentsincentralcoastalecuador
AT cesarayumiseva distributionoftriatominespeciesindomesticandperidomesticenvironmentsincentralcoastalecuador
AT estebangbaus distributionoftriatominespeciesindomesticandperidomesticenvironmentsincentralcoastalecuador
_version_ 1724941212150923264