The Immunomodulator VacA Promotes Immune Tolerance and Persistent Helicobacter pylori Infection through Its Activities on T-Cells and Antigen-Presenting Cells
VacA is a pore-forming toxin that has long been known to induce vacuolization in gastric epithelial cells and to be linked to gastric disorders caused by H. pylori infection. Its role as a major colonization and persistence determinant of H. pylori is less well-understood. The purpose of this review...
Main Authors: | Aleksandra Djekic, Anne Müller |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2016-06-01
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Series: | Toxins |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/6/187 |
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