Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient
Hyponatremia associated with low-dose trimethoprim in patients on concomitant systemic corticosteroid therapy has rarely been reported. Here, we describe a 57-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension treated with telmisartan, who presented with progressive visual impairmen...
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doaj-4a80f0b06641415eb074aac726af11d02020-11-25T02:54:16ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-04-01920120110.3390/antibiotics9040201Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic PatientMasahiro Takubo0Sho Tanaka1Masaru Kushimoto2Jin Ikeda3Katsuhiko Ogawa4Yutaka Suzuki5Masanori Abe6Hisamitsu Ishihara7Midori Fujishiro8Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo 101-8309, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo 101-8309, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo 101-8309, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo 101-8309, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo 101-8309, JapanDivision of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, JapanDivision of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, JapanDivision of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, JapanHyponatremia associated with low-dose trimethoprim in patients on concomitant systemic corticosteroid therapy has rarely been reported. Here, we describe a 57-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension treated with telmisartan, who presented with progressive visual impairment of the left eye due to anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis. The patient received pulsed intravenous methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone at 30 mg/day and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis (160 mg and 800 mg daily). Her serum sodium level steadily decreased, and the potassium level was slightly elevated despite well-preserved renal function. This state persisted even after telmisartan discontinuation. In addition to hypotonic hyponatremia (125 mEq/L) with natriuresis, hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis was diagnosed based on normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia with low urinary potassium excretion. After trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole cessation, electrolytes and acid–base imbalances swiftly recovered. We can conclude that caution must be exercised when treating such patients, because even low-dose trimethoprim may cause hyponatremia concomitant with hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis, despite the mineralocorticoid effects of systemic corticosteroids.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/4/201acidosisaquaporin 4hyperkalemiahyponatremiasteroidstrimethoprim |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Masahiro Takubo Sho Tanaka Masaru Kushimoto Jin Ikeda Katsuhiko Ogawa Yutaka Suzuki Masanori Abe Hisamitsu Ishihara Midori Fujishiro |
spellingShingle |
Masahiro Takubo Sho Tanaka Masaru Kushimoto Jin Ikeda Katsuhiko Ogawa Yutaka Suzuki Masanori Abe Hisamitsu Ishihara Midori Fujishiro Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient Antibiotics acidosis aquaporin 4 hyperkalemia hyponatremia steroids trimethoprim |
author_facet |
Masahiro Takubo Sho Tanaka Masaru Kushimoto Jin Ikeda Katsuhiko Ogawa Yutaka Suzuki Masanori Abe Hisamitsu Ishihara Midori Fujishiro |
author_sort |
Masahiro Takubo |
title |
Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient |
title_short |
Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient |
title_full |
Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient |
title_fullStr |
Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hyponatremia Associated with Prophylactic Low-Dose Trimethoprim during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy for AQP4-Positive Optic Neuritis in a Diabetic Patient |
title_sort |
hyponatremia associated with prophylactic low-dose trimethoprim during systemic corticosteroid therapy for aqp4-positive optic neuritis in a diabetic patient |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antibiotics |
issn |
2079-6382 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Hyponatremia associated with low-dose trimethoprim in patients on concomitant systemic corticosteroid therapy has rarely been reported. Here, we describe a 57-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension treated with telmisartan, who presented with progressive visual impairment of the left eye due to anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis. The patient received pulsed intravenous methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone at 30 mg/day and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis (160 mg and 800 mg daily). Her serum sodium level steadily decreased, and the potassium level was slightly elevated despite well-preserved renal function. This state persisted even after telmisartan discontinuation. In addition to hypotonic hyponatremia (125 mEq/L) with natriuresis, hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis was diagnosed based on normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia with low urinary potassium excretion. After trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole cessation, electrolytes and acid–base imbalances swiftly recovered. We can conclude that caution must be exercised when treating such patients, because even low-dose trimethoprim may cause hyponatremia concomitant with hyperkalemic renal tubular acidosis, despite the mineralocorticoid effects of systemic corticosteroids. |
topic |
acidosis aquaporin 4 hyperkalemia hyponatremia steroids trimethoprim |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/4/201 |
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