Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties
Natal plum fruit (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) is indigenous to South Africa and a rich source of cyanidin derivatives. Indigenous fruits play a major role in food diversification and sustaining food security in the Southern African region. Agro-processing of indigenous are practiced adopt...
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doaj-4c55b044f1554557b4db75d198e354712020-11-25T02:04:01ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582020-04-01943143110.3390/foods9040431Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant PropertiesTshudufhadzo Mphaphuli0Vimbainashe E. Manhivi1Retha Slabbert2Yasmina Sultanbawa3Dharini Sivakumar4Department of Horticulture, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West 0001, South AfricaPhytochemical Food Network Group, Department of Crop Sciences. Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West 0001, South AfricaDepartment of Horticulture, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West 0001, South AfricaAustralian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Center for Food Science and Nutrition, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4069, AustraliaPhytochemical Food Network Group, Department of Crop Sciences. Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West 0001, South AfricaNatal plum fruit (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) is indigenous to South Africa and a rich source of cyanidin derivatives. Indigenous fruits play a major role in food diversification and sustaining food security in the Southern African region. Agro-processing of indigenous are practiced adopted by the rural African communities in order to reduce the postharvest wastage of fruit commodities. In the current study, Natal plum was added to mango pulp at different ratios (mango and Natal plum (5:1, 3:1, 2:1)) to develop a healthy-functional snack (fruit leather). The effects of added Natal plum on the availability of antioxidant constituents and in vitro antioxidant properties of a mango-based fruit leather were evaluated by comparing with mango fruit leather. Fruit leather containing mango and Natal plum (2:1) retained the highest content of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, cyanidin- 3-O-β-sambubioside, epicatechin, apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl glucoside, catechin, quinic, and chlorogenic acids, and in vitro antioxidant activity. Proximate analysis showed that 100 g of fruit leather (2:1) contained 63.51 g carbohydrate, 40.85 g total sugar, 0.36 g fat, and 269.88 cal. Therefore, enrichment of mango fruit leather with Natal plum (2:1) increases its phytochemical content and dietary phytochemical intake, especially for school children and adolescents.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/4/431cyanidin-3-O-glucosidecyanidin-3-O-β-sambubiosideepicatechinagro processingphenolsfood security |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tshudufhadzo Mphaphuli Vimbainashe E. Manhivi Retha Slabbert Yasmina Sultanbawa Dharini Sivakumar |
spellingShingle |
Tshudufhadzo Mphaphuli Vimbainashe E. Manhivi Retha Slabbert Yasmina Sultanbawa Dharini Sivakumar Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties Foods cyanidin-3-O-glucoside cyanidin-3-O-β-sambubioside epicatechin agro processing phenols food security |
author_facet |
Tshudufhadzo Mphaphuli Vimbainashe E. Manhivi Retha Slabbert Yasmina Sultanbawa Dharini Sivakumar |
author_sort |
Tshudufhadzo Mphaphuli |
title |
Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties |
title_short |
Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties |
title_full |
Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties |
title_fullStr |
Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enrichment of Mango Fruit Leathers with Natal Plum (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) Improves Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties |
title_sort |
enrichment of mango fruit leathers with natal plum (<i>carissa macrocarpa</i>) improves their phytochemical content and antioxidant properties |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Foods |
issn |
2304-8158 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Natal plum fruit (<i>Carissa macrocarpa</i>) is indigenous to South Africa and a rich source of cyanidin derivatives. Indigenous fruits play a major role in food diversification and sustaining food security in the Southern African region. Agro-processing of indigenous are practiced adopted by the rural African communities in order to reduce the postharvest wastage of fruit commodities. In the current study, Natal plum was added to mango pulp at different ratios (mango and Natal plum (5:1, 3:1, 2:1)) to develop a healthy-functional snack (fruit leather). The effects of added Natal plum on the availability of antioxidant constituents and in vitro antioxidant properties of a mango-based fruit leather were evaluated by comparing with mango fruit leather. Fruit leather containing mango and Natal plum (2:1) retained the highest content of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, cyanidin- 3-O-β-sambubioside, epicatechin, apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl glucoside, catechin, quinic, and chlorogenic acids, and in vitro antioxidant activity. Proximate analysis showed that 100 g of fruit leather (2:1) contained 63.51 g carbohydrate, 40.85 g total sugar, 0.36 g fat, and 269.88 cal. Therefore, enrichment of mango fruit leather with Natal plum (2:1) increases its phytochemical content and dietary phytochemical intake, especially for school children and adolescents. |
topic |
cyanidin-3-O-glucoside cyanidin-3-O-β-sambubioside epicatechin agro processing phenols food security |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/4/431 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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