| Summary: | Abstract Objectives Diabetes is a chronic illness which requires lifelong self-care behaviors. The objective of the present research was to investigate the association of self-efficacy, attitude and social support with adherence to diabetes self-care behavior. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2017, 403 diabetic patients of Zarandieh, Iran participated. They were evaluated by valid and reliable questionnaires comprised of items on diabetes self-care, self-efficacy in dealing with problems, social support and attitude towards self-care. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 applying t test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results The results indicated that patients with higher self-care scores had better self-efficacy, social support, and attitude towards self-care. Moreover, self-efficacy, social support, and attitude towards self-care variables accounted for 39.5% of the total variance of self-care behavior. Furthermore, social support (β = 0.87), self-efficacy (β = 0.52), and attitude towards self-care (β = 0.42) were respectively the most important predictors of self-care behaviors. Conclusion Social support, self-efficacy and attitude towards self-care behaviors were associated with self-care behaviors in patient with diabetes. They might suggest that educational programs specifically target these factors.
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