Features of the development of tuberculosis in children not vaccinated with BCG

• Main Authors: O. M. Raznatovska, Yu. V. Myronchuk, O. O. Pushnova, L. I. Chernyshova, T. I. Shelestina, V. V. Bezdenezhnyi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Zaporozhye State Medical University 2018-07-01
• Series: Zaporožskij Medicinskij Žurnal
• Subjects: tuberculosis; children; BCG vaccine
• Online Access: http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/135754/136192

According to the data from the State Institution "Public Health Center" of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine in Zaporizhzhia region, starting from 2014, there is observed the increased rate of tuberculosis among children aged 0-17 years, in particular: in 2014 - 12.1 per 100 thousand of the population, in 2015 - 16.4 per 100 thousand of the population and in 2016 - 24.9 per 100 thousand of the population. At the same time, in 2016 this rate exceeded the national one by 2.3 times (10.5 if compared to 24.9). According to the Professor V.P. Kostorminova, the prophylactic activity of the BCG vaccine is 70-85% of the quality BCG vaccination and reduces the tuberculosis morbidity by 10 times and infectivity by 1.5-3 times. The purpose of the paper is to attract attention of pediatricians and parents to the issue of development of severe forms of tuberculosis in children not vaccinated with BCG. The article covers the clinical case of the development of severe form of tuberculosis in a child not vaccinated with BCG, who is periodically treated at the children's department of the clinical base of the Department of phthisiology and pulmonology of ZSMU at the State Institution "Zaporizhzhia Regional Antituberculous Clinical Dispensary". It has been found that the features of the development of tuberculosis in a child not vaccinated with BCG from a family contact with a patient suffering from multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, in 2,5 years after birth there develops a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis combined with a specific destructive spondylitis. The absence of anti-TB immunity caused a rapid progressive involvement of the spine and lungs that was quickly complicated by a nonspecific pathology. Early detection of this pathology, adequate treatment, and the persistence of doctors ensured positive results and rehabilitation is still going on. At the same time, we would like to underscore the importance of BCG vaccination.