Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Purpose: Acute exercise has been linked to the facilitation of executive function, but little is known regarding executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). The present research consisted of two experiments aimed to determine whether acute aerobic exercise influences succe...
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doaj-55fdcdd9af934404b5fa54f7908d22e32020-11-24T22:52:41ZengElsevierJournal of Sport and Health Science2095-25462015-03-0141647210.1016/j.jshs.2014.10.003Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting TestChun-Chih Wang0Chia-Hao Shih1Caterina Pesce2Tai-Fen Song3Tsung-Min Hung4Yu-Kai Chang5Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan, ChinaDepartment of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USADepartment of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Italian University Sport and Movement, Rome, ItalyGraduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan, ChinaDepartment of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, ChinaGraduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan, ChinaPurpose: Acute exercise has been linked to the facilitation of executive function, but little is known regarding executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). The present research consisted of two experiments aimed to determine whether acute aerobic exercise influences successive WCST performance. Methods: In Study 1, 27 young adults were randomly assigned to the exercise or reading control group and then instructed to perform the WCST before and after assigned treatment. In exercise group, participants completed a single bout aerobic exercise with moderate intensity for 20 min on a stationary bike. A similar experimental protocol was replicated in Study 2 with 24 late middle-aged adults to look for age differences during adulthood and control for a potential ceiling effect at young adult age. Results: Although a significant time effect was observed in young adults, both studies revealed that there was no main effect for treatment or an interaction between treatment and time on any of the WCST indices. Conclusion: Acute aerobic exercise failed to influence executive function as assessed by the WCST, revealing that this classical neuropsychological test tapping executive function may not be sensitive to acute exercise. Our findings suggest that acute exercise does not broadly affect the entire family of executive functions, or its effect on a specific aspect of executive function may be task-dependent, as proposed by Etnier and Chang (2009).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254614001227Aerobic exerciseCognitive controlExecutive functionNeuropsychological assessment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chun-Chih Wang Chia-Hao Shih Caterina Pesce Tai-Fen Song Tsung-Min Hung Yu-Kai Chang |
spellingShingle |
Chun-Chih Wang Chia-Hao Shih Caterina Pesce Tai-Fen Song Tsung-Min Hung Yu-Kai Chang Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Journal of Sport and Health Science Aerobic exercise Cognitive control Executive function Neuropsychological assessment |
author_facet |
Chun-Chih Wang Chia-Hao Shih Caterina Pesce Tai-Fen Song Tsung-Min Hung Yu-Kai Chang |
author_sort |
Chun-Chih Wang |
title |
Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test |
title_short |
Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test |
title_full |
Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test |
title_fullStr |
Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test |
title_full_unstemmed |
Failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test |
title_sort |
failure to identify an acute exercise effect on executive function assessed by the wisconsin card sorting test |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Journal of Sport and Health Science |
issn |
2095-2546 |
publishDate |
2015-03-01 |
description |
Purpose: Acute exercise has been linked to the facilitation of executive function, but little is known regarding executive function assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). The present research consisted of two experiments aimed to determine whether acute aerobic exercise influences successive WCST performance.
Methods: In Study 1, 27 young adults were randomly assigned to the exercise or reading control group and then instructed to perform the WCST before and after assigned treatment. In exercise group, participants completed a single bout aerobic exercise with moderate intensity for 20 min on a stationary bike. A similar experimental protocol was replicated in Study 2 with 24 late middle-aged adults to look for age differences during adulthood and control for a potential ceiling effect at young adult age.
Results: Although a significant time effect was observed in young adults, both studies revealed that there was no main effect for treatment or an interaction between treatment and time on any of the WCST indices.
Conclusion: Acute aerobic exercise failed to influence executive function as assessed by the WCST, revealing that this classical neuropsychological test tapping executive function may not be sensitive to acute exercise. Our findings suggest that acute exercise does not broadly affect the entire family of executive functions, or its effect on a specific aspect of executive function may be task-dependent, as proposed by Etnier and Chang (2009). |
topic |
Aerobic exercise Cognitive control Executive function Neuropsychological assessment |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254614001227 |
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