Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres
The aim of our research was to investigate the effect of a small nanocellulose (NC) addition on an improvement of the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. A procedure of chemical extraction from pressed lignin was used to obtain nanocellulose fibers. The presence of nanoparticles in the cellul...
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doaj-632c8ad260154d0d94ef8d9e12eaec672021-07-15T15:40:36ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-06-01143576357610.3390/ma14133576Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose FibresMartyna Roszowska-Jarosz0Joanna Masiewicz1Marcin Kostrzewa2Wojciech Kucharczyk3Wojciech Żurowski4Justyna Kucińska-Lipka5Paweł Przybyłek6Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, E. Stasieckiego 54B Str., 26-600 Radom, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, E. Stasieckiego 54B Str., 26-600 Radom, PolandFaculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, B. Chrobrego 27 Str., 26-600 Radom, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, E. Stasieckiego 54B Str., 26-600 Radom, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, E. Stasieckiego 54B Str., 26-600 Radom, PolandDepartment of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, PolandFaculty of Aviation, Military University of Aviation, Dywizjonu 303/35 Str., 08-521 Dęblin, PolandThe aim of our research was to investigate the effect of a small nanocellulose (NC) addition on an improvement of the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. A procedure of chemical extraction from pressed lignin was used to obtain nanocellulose fibers. The presence of nanoparticles in the cellulose pulp was confirmed by FTIR/ATR spectra as well as measurement of nanocellulose particle size using a Zetasizer analyzer. Epoxy composites with NC contents from 0.5% to 1.5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i> were prepared. The obtained composites were subjected to strength tests, such as impact strength (IS) and resistance to three-point bending with a determination of critical stress intensity factor (Kc). The impact strength of nanocellulose composites doubled in comparison to the unmodified epoxy resin (EP 0). Moreover, Kc was increased by approximately 50% and 70% for the 1.5 and 0.5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i> NC, respectively. The maximum value of stress at break was achieved at 1% NC concentration in EP and it was 15% higher than that for unmodified epoxy resin. The highest value of destruction energy was characterized by the composition with 0.5% NC and corresponds to the increase of 102% in comparison with EP 0. Based on the analysis of the results it was noted that satisfactory improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite was achieved with a very small addition of nanofiller while other research indicates the need to add much more nanocellulose. It is also expected that this kind of use of raw materials will allow increasing the economic efficiency of the nanocomposite preparation process. Moreover, nanocomposites obtained in this way can be applied as elements of machines or as a modified epoxy matrix for sandwich composites, enabling production of the structure material with reduced weight but improved mechanical properties.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3576epoxy resinsnanocellulose preparationmechanical propertiesnanocompositessol-gel method |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Martyna Roszowska-Jarosz Joanna Masiewicz Marcin Kostrzewa Wojciech Kucharczyk Wojciech Żurowski Justyna Kucińska-Lipka Paweł Przybyłek |
spellingShingle |
Martyna Roszowska-Jarosz Joanna Masiewicz Marcin Kostrzewa Wojciech Kucharczyk Wojciech Żurowski Justyna Kucińska-Lipka Paweł Przybyłek Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres Materials epoxy resins nanocellulose preparation mechanical properties nanocomposites sol-gel method |
author_facet |
Martyna Roszowska-Jarosz Joanna Masiewicz Marcin Kostrzewa Wojciech Kucharczyk Wojciech Żurowski Justyna Kucińska-Lipka Paweł Przybyłek |
author_sort |
Martyna Roszowska-Jarosz |
title |
Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres |
title_short |
Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres |
title_full |
Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres |
title_fullStr |
Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres |
title_sort |
mechanical properties of bio-composites based on epoxy resin and nanocellulose fibres |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
The aim of our research was to investigate the effect of a small nanocellulose (NC) addition on an improvement of the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. A procedure of chemical extraction from pressed lignin was used to obtain nanocellulose fibers. The presence of nanoparticles in the cellulose pulp was confirmed by FTIR/ATR spectra as well as measurement of nanocellulose particle size using a Zetasizer analyzer. Epoxy composites with NC contents from 0.5% to 1.5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i> were prepared. The obtained composites were subjected to strength tests, such as impact strength (IS) and resistance to three-point bending with a determination of critical stress intensity factor (Kc). The impact strength of nanocellulose composites doubled in comparison to the unmodified epoxy resin (EP 0). Moreover, Kc was increased by approximately 50% and 70% for the 1.5 and 0.5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i> NC, respectively. The maximum value of stress at break was achieved at 1% NC concentration in EP and it was 15% higher than that for unmodified epoxy resin. The highest value of destruction energy was characterized by the composition with 0.5% NC and corresponds to the increase of 102% in comparison with EP 0. Based on the analysis of the results it was noted that satisfactory improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite was achieved with a very small addition of nanofiller while other research indicates the need to add much more nanocellulose. It is also expected that this kind of use of raw materials will allow increasing the economic efficiency of the nanocomposite preparation process. Moreover, nanocomposites obtained in this way can be applied as elements of machines or as a modified epoxy matrix for sandwich composites, enabling production of the structure material with reduced weight but improved mechanical properties. |
topic |
epoxy resins nanocellulose preparation mechanical properties nanocomposites sol-gel method |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3576 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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