Comparison of buckwheat, red clover, and purple tansy as potential surrogate plants for use in semi-field pesticide risk assessments with Bombus impatiens

Background. Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are important wild and managed pollinators. There is increased interest in incorporating data on bumble bees into risk assessments for pesticides, but standardized methods for assessing hazards of pesticides in semi-field and field settings have not yet been est...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Angela E. Gradish, G. Christopher Cutler, Andrew J. Frewin, Cynthia D. Scott-Dupree
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2016-07-01
Series:PeerJ
Subjects:
Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/2228.pdf