Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran

Background: Constructions in informal settlements not respected any applying rules, regulations of urban planning, and building codes with high population density, are the municipality challenge. We aimed to identify level of buildings seismic vulnerability and population at risk in Tehran’s Farahz...

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Main Authors: Soraya FATHOLLAHI, Sahar SAEEDI MOGHADDAM, Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA, Mahmoud RAHIMI, Mehdi ZARE, Ali ARDALAN, Ali SHEIDAEI, Niloofar PEYKARI, Shohreh NADERIMAGHAM, Farshad FARZADFAR
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2020-01-01
Series:Iranian Journal of Public Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19368
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author Soraya FATHOLLAHI
Sahar SAEEDI MOGHADDAM
Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA
Mahmoud RAHIMI
Mehdi ZARE
Ali ARDALAN
Ali SHEIDAEI
Niloofar PEYKARI
Shohreh NADERIMAGHAM
Farshad FARZADFAR
spellingShingle Soraya FATHOLLAHI
Sahar SAEEDI MOGHADDAM
Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA
Mahmoud RAHIMI
Mehdi ZARE
Ali ARDALAN
Ali SHEIDAEI
Niloofar PEYKARI
Shohreh NADERIMAGHAM
Farshad FARZADFAR
Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran
Iranian Journal of Public Health
Earthquake
Non-engineered buildings
Population
Informal settlements
Disasters
author_facet Soraya FATHOLLAHI
Sahar SAEEDI MOGHADDAM
Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA
Mahmoud RAHIMI
Mehdi ZARE
Ali ARDALAN
Ali SHEIDAEI
Niloofar PEYKARI
Shohreh NADERIMAGHAM
Farshad FARZADFAR
author_sort Soraya FATHOLLAHI
title Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran
title_short Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran
title_full Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran
title_fullStr Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, Iran
title_sort prevalence of non-engineered buildings and population at risk for a probable earthquake: a cross-sectional study from an informal settlement in tehran, iran
publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
series Iranian Journal of Public Health
issn 2251-6085
2251-6093
publishDate 2020-01-01
description Background: Constructions in informal settlements not respected any applying rules, regulations of urban planning, and building codes with high population density, are the municipality challenge. We aimed to identify level of buildings seismic vulnerability and population at risk in Tehran’s Farahzad informal settlement in 2017. Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, residential buildings were assessed for seismic performance of constructions. We screened 160 buildings according to Iranian national guidelines by Rapid Seismic Visual Screening Method as a tool to calculate and determine Level of Retrofitting (LR) scores of buildings. We also interviewed residents of the buildings to collect data regarding socio-demographic data, individual disability status, Disaster Assessment of Readiness and Training (DART) regarding household disaster preparedness, and time occupancy in the buildings. Results: Overall, 160 buildings with 209 households and 957 individuals were surveyed. 97.5% of buildings were formed of heavy construction materials. None of them were categorized as engineered buildings and LR of residential buildings ranged from 82.4% to 163.8% with a mean 117.9%. LR scores of more than 100% were capped as 100%. Vulnerable groups of the sample population include under-five years old (8.7%), 60 yr old and above (6.7%), and 9.1% of households had at least one disabled member. 16.7% of households were living in homes with dense area. The DART score for 94.3% of surveyed households was zero. Conclusion: Disaster managers in Tehran municipality must design and implement a comprehensive risk reduction plan in poor urban areas as vulnerable regions for earthquake hazard.
topic Earthquake
Non-engineered buildings
Population
Informal settlements
Disasters
url https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19368
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spelling doaj-6e9e1b0bc0c04fd0ae5625d73ab8ca972021-01-02T16:11:07ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Public Health2251-60852251-60932020-01-0149110.18502/ijph.v49i1.3058Prevalence of Non-Engineered Buildings and Population at Risk for a Probable Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study from an Informal Settlement in Tehran, IranSoraya FATHOLLAHI0Sahar SAEEDI MOGHADDAM1Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA2Mahmoud RAHIMI3Mehdi ZARE4Ali ARDALAN5Ali SHEIDAEI6Niloofar PEYKARI7Shohreh NADERIMAGHAM8Farshad FARZADFAR9Department of Emergencies and Disaster Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, IranInternational Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, IranDepartment of Emergencies and Disaster Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, USADepartment of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Development of Research and Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, IranNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Background: Constructions in informal settlements not respected any applying rules, regulations of urban planning, and building codes with high population density, are the municipality challenge. We aimed to identify level of buildings seismic vulnerability and population at risk in Tehran’s Farahzad informal settlement in 2017. Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, residential buildings were assessed for seismic performance of constructions. We screened 160 buildings according to Iranian national guidelines by Rapid Seismic Visual Screening Method as a tool to calculate and determine Level of Retrofitting (LR) scores of buildings. We also interviewed residents of the buildings to collect data regarding socio-demographic data, individual disability status, Disaster Assessment of Readiness and Training (DART) regarding household disaster preparedness, and time occupancy in the buildings. Results: Overall, 160 buildings with 209 households and 957 individuals were surveyed. 97.5% of buildings were formed of heavy construction materials. None of them were categorized as engineered buildings and LR of residential buildings ranged from 82.4% to 163.8% with a mean 117.9%. LR scores of more than 100% were capped as 100%. Vulnerable groups of the sample population include under-five years old (8.7%), 60 yr old and above (6.7%), and 9.1% of households had at least one disabled member. 16.7% of households were living in homes with dense area. The DART score for 94.3% of surveyed households was zero. Conclusion: Disaster managers in Tehran municipality must design and implement a comprehensive risk reduction plan in poor urban areas as vulnerable regions for earthquake hazard. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19368EarthquakeNon-engineered buildingsPopulationInformal settlementsDisasters