Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp.
The effects of triazole fungicide Tango<sup>®</sup> (epoxiconazole) and two neonicotinoid insecticide formulations Mospilan<sup>®</sup> (acetamiprid) and Calypso<sup>®</sup> (thiacloprid) were investigated in <i>Candida albicans</i> and three non-albic...
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doaj-6f86b4880cc5487ca13299e7fcd9de332020-11-25T03:45:02ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-07-011184884810.3390/genes11080848Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp.Leszek Potocki0Aleksandra Baran1Bernadetta Oklejewicz2Ewa Szpyrka3Magdalena Podbielska4Viera Schwarzbacherová5Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, PolandDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, PolandDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, PolandDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, PolandDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, PolandDepartment of Biology and Genetics, Institute of Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, SlovakThe effects of triazole fungicide Tango<sup>®</sup> (epoxiconazole) and two neonicotinoid insecticide formulations Mospilan<sup>®</sup> (acetamiprid) and Calypso<sup>®</sup> (thiacloprid) were investigated in <i>Candida albicans</i> and three non-albicans species <i>Candida pulcherrima, Candida glabrata</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i> to assess the range of morphological, metabolic and genetic changes after their exposure to pesticides. Moreover, the bioavailability of pesticides, which gives us information about their metabolization was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The tested pesticides caused differences between the cells of the same species in the studied populations in response to ROS accumulation, the level of DNA damage, changes in fatty acids (FAs) and phospholipid profiles, change in the percentage of unsaturated to saturated FAs or the ability to biofilm. In addition, for the first time, the effect of tested neonicotinoid insecticides on the change of metabolic profile of colony cells during aging was demonstrated. Our data suggest that widely used pesticides, including insecticides, may increase cellular diversity in the <i>Candida</i> species population-known as clonal heterogeneity-and thus play an important role in acquiring resistance to antifungal agents.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/848<i>Candida</i>pesticidemetabolic activitygenetic damagecell growth |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Leszek Potocki Aleksandra Baran Bernadetta Oklejewicz Ewa Szpyrka Magdalena Podbielska Viera Schwarzbacherová |
spellingShingle |
Leszek Potocki Aleksandra Baran Bernadetta Oklejewicz Ewa Szpyrka Magdalena Podbielska Viera Schwarzbacherová Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp. Genes <i>Candida</i> pesticide metabolic activity genetic damage cell growth |
author_facet |
Leszek Potocki Aleksandra Baran Bernadetta Oklejewicz Ewa Szpyrka Magdalena Podbielska Viera Schwarzbacherová |
author_sort |
Leszek Potocki |
title |
Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp. |
title_short |
Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp. |
title_full |
Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp. |
title_fullStr |
Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Synthetic Pesticides Used in Agricultural Production Promote Genetic Instability and Metabolic Variability in <i>Candida</i> spp. |
title_sort |
synthetic pesticides used in agricultural production promote genetic instability and metabolic variability in <i>candida</i> spp. |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Genes |
issn |
2073-4425 |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
The effects of triazole fungicide Tango<sup>®</sup> (epoxiconazole) and two neonicotinoid insecticide formulations Mospilan<sup>®</sup> (acetamiprid) and Calypso<sup>®</sup> (thiacloprid) were investigated in <i>Candida albicans</i> and three non-albicans species <i>Candida pulcherrima, Candida glabrata</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i> to assess the range of morphological, metabolic and genetic changes after their exposure to pesticides. Moreover, the bioavailability of pesticides, which gives us information about their metabolization was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The tested pesticides caused differences between the cells of the same species in the studied populations in response to ROS accumulation, the level of DNA damage, changes in fatty acids (FAs) and phospholipid profiles, change in the percentage of unsaturated to saturated FAs or the ability to biofilm. In addition, for the first time, the effect of tested neonicotinoid insecticides on the change of metabolic profile of colony cells during aging was demonstrated. Our data suggest that widely used pesticides, including insecticides, may increase cellular diversity in the <i>Candida</i> species population-known as clonal heterogeneity-and thus play an important role in acquiring resistance to antifungal agents. |
topic |
<i>Candida</i> pesticide metabolic activity genetic damage cell growth |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/8/848 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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