Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes
IntroductionFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have an estimated global prevalence of 2–5% of births, but prevalence is reported to be as high as 15.5% for FASD in certain high-risk communities in South Africa. Preclinical studies demonstrate that alcohol consumption during pregnancy interferes...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-06-01
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00294/full |
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doaj-76c7e38c7e44424ebfd886f2495144b9 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kirsten A. Donald Catherine J. Wedderburn Catherine J. Wedderburn Whitney Barnett Whitney Barnett Nadia Hoffman Heather J. Zar Heather J. Zar Eva E. Redei Eva E. Redei Dan J. Stein Dan J. Stein |
spellingShingle |
Kirsten A. Donald Catherine J. Wedderburn Catherine J. Wedderburn Whitney Barnett Whitney Barnett Nadia Hoffman Heather J. Zar Heather J. Zar Eva E. Redei Eva E. Redei Dan J. Stein Dan J. Stein Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes Frontiers in Endocrinology prenatal thyroid function prenatal alcohol exposure fetal alcohol spectrum disorders infant development pregnancy thyroid thyroid function |
author_facet |
Kirsten A. Donald Catherine J. Wedderburn Catherine J. Wedderburn Whitney Barnett Whitney Barnett Nadia Hoffman Heather J. Zar Heather J. Zar Eva E. Redei Eva E. Redei Dan J. Stein Dan J. Stein |
author_sort |
Kirsten A. Donald |
title |
Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes |
title_short |
Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes |
title_full |
Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes |
title_fullStr |
Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes |
title_sort |
thyroid function in pregnant women with moderate to severe alcohol consumption is related to infant developmental outcomes |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Endocrinology |
issn |
1664-2392 |
publishDate |
2018-06-01 |
description |
IntroductionFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have an estimated global prevalence of 2–5% of births, but prevalence is reported to be as high as 15.5% for FASD in certain high-risk communities in South Africa. Preclinical studies demonstrate that alcohol consumption during pregnancy interferes with thyroid hormone availability and function and negatively impacts exposed offspring. Very little is currently reported on this phenomenon in humans.MethodsThis pilot study was embedded in the Drakenstein Child Health Study, a multi-disciplinary longitudinal birth cohort study investigating the early biological and psychosocial determinants of child health in South Africa. Twenty one mothers and their children with moderate–severe prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and 19 mothers and their children with no alcohol exposure were investigated. Maternal exposure history and blood samples were collected in mid-pregnancy and analyzed for serum-free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Children were assessed with formally measured growth parameters and development was evaluated using the Bayley III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID III) at 6 and 24 months of age.ResultsWhile there were no significant differences in serum TSH and FT4 between groups, FT3 levels were significantly higher in mothers with moderate–severe prenatal alcohol use. In abstinent pregnant women, levels of FT4 were significantly correlated with infants’ scores on cognitive measures at 6 and 24 months of age and with levels of gross motor skills at 24 months. However, in mothers with alcohol use, FT4 levels were not correlated with any cognitive or motor skills, but FT3 levels were significantly associated with scores on children’s social-emotional development at 24 months of age.DiscussionThyroid function in PAE is sufficiently disrupted to lead to alterations in serum FT3 levels. The contrast in findings between PAE and abstinent dyads in their association of maternal thyroid function and infant development further suggests that such disruption is present and may contribute to adverse neurodevelopment. Further work is needed to determine the relationship between peripheral thyroid indices during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the context of PAE. |
topic |
prenatal thyroid function prenatal alcohol exposure fetal alcohol spectrum disorders infant development pregnancy thyroid thyroid function |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00294/full |
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doaj-76c7e38c7e44424ebfd886f2495144b92020-11-24T21:41:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922018-06-01910.3389/fendo.2018.00294364530Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental OutcomesKirsten A. Donald0Catherine J. Wedderburn1Catherine J. Wedderburn2Whitney Barnett3Whitney Barnett4Nadia Hoffman5Heather J. Zar6Heather J. Zar7Eva E. Redei8Eva E. Redei9Dan J. Stein10Dan J. Stein11Division of Developmental Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Developmental Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United KingdomUnit on Child and Adolescent Health, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaUnit on Child and Adolescent Health, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United StatesDepartment of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaUnit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South AfricaIntroductionFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have an estimated global prevalence of 2–5% of births, but prevalence is reported to be as high as 15.5% for FASD in certain high-risk communities in South Africa. Preclinical studies demonstrate that alcohol consumption during pregnancy interferes with thyroid hormone availability and function and negatively impacts exposed offspring. Very little is currently reported on this phenomenon in humans.MethodsThis pilot study was embedded in the Drakenstein Child Health Study, a multi-disciplinary longitudinal birth cohort study investigating the early biological and psychosocial determinants of child health in South Africa. Twenty one mothers and their children with moderate–severe prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and 19 mothers and their children with no alcohol exposure were investigated. Maternal exposure history and blood samples were collected in mid-pregnancy and analyzed for serum-free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Children were assessed with formally measured growth parameters and development was evaluated using the Bayley III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID III) at 6 and 24 months of age.ResultsWhile there were no significant differences in serum TSH and FT4 between groups, FT3 levels were significantly higher in mothers with moderate–severe prenatal alcohol use. In abstinent pregnant women, levels of FT4 were significantly correlated with infants’ scores on cognitive measures at 6 and 24 months of age and with levels of gross motor skills at 24 months. However, in mothers with alcohol use, FT4 levels were not correlated with any cognitive or motor skills, but FT3 levels were significantly associated with scores on children’s social-emotional development at 24 months of age.DiscussionThyroid function in PAE is sufficiently disrupted to lead to alterations in serum FT3 levels. The contrast in findings between PAE and abstinent dyads in their association of maternal thyroid function and infant development further suggests that such disruption is present and may contribute to adverse neurodevelopment. Further work is needed to determine the relationship between peripheral thyroid indices during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the context of PAE.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00294/fullprenatal thyroid functionprenatal alcohol exposurefetal alcohol spectrum disordersinfant developmentpregnancy thyroidthyroid function |