Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data
We review our current understanding of groundwater flow history in the northern part of the Baltic Artesian Basin (BAB) from the end of the Late Pleistocene to current conditions based on the hydrogeological studies carried out in 2012â2020 by the Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technol...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Estonian Academy Publishers
2021-06-01
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Series: | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
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Online Access: | https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-3-2021-152-164_20210622082634.pdf |
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doaj-77b164cc32bf4a878c36806fb3173101 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Werner Aeschbach Christoph Gerber Jüri Ivask Enn Kaup Jean-Michel Lemieux Tõnu Martma Joonas Pärn Roland Purtschert Valle Raidla Arnaud Sterckx Rein Vaikmäe Leo Vallner |
spellingShingle |
Werner Aeschbach Christoph Gerber Jüri Ivask Enn Kaup Jean-Michel Lemieux Tõnu Martma Joonas Pärn Roland Purtschert Valle Raidla Arnaud Sterckx Rein Vaikmäe Leo Vallner Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences baltic artesian basin groundwater flow environmental tracers numerical modelling palaeohydrology. |
author_facet |
Werner Aeschbach Christoph Gerber Jüri Ivask Enn Kaup Jean-Michel Lemieux Tõnu Martma Joonas Pärn Roland Purtschert Valle Raidla Arnaud Sterckx Rein Vaikmäe Leo Vallner |
author_sort |
Werner Aeschbach |
title |
Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data |
title_short |
Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data |
title_full |
Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data |
title_fullStr |
Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data |
title_full_unstemmed |
Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data |
title_sort |
late pleistocene and holocene groundwater flow history in the baltic artesian basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical data |
publisher |
Estonian Academy Publishers |
series |
Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
issn |
1736-4728 1736-7557 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
We review our current understanding of groundwater flow history in the northern part of the Baltic Artesian Basin (BAB) from the end of the Late Pleistocene to current conditions based on the hydrogeological studies carried out in 2012â2020 by the Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology and its partners. Hydrogeochemical data and various numerical models are combined in order to understand the link between glaciations and groundwater flow. The results of our earlier research and published literature on groundwater flow history in the BAB are also taken into account. The reconstruction of groundwater flow history is based on the database of the isotopic, chemical and dissolved gas composition of groundwater. The database contains data on 1155 groundwater samples collected during 1974â2017. We find that groundwater in the BAB is controlled by the mixing of three distinct water masses: interglacial/modern meteoric water (δ18O â â11â°), glacial meltwater (δ18O ⤠â18â°) and an older syngenetic end-member (δ18O â¥â4.5â°). The numerical modelling has suggested that the preservation of meltwater in the northern part of the BAB is controlled by confining layers and the proximity to the outcrop areas of aquifers. Aquifers containing groundwater of glacial origin are in a transient state with respect to modern topographically-driven groundwater flow conditions. The most important topics for future research that can address gaps in our current knowledge are also reviewed. |
topic |
baltic artesian basin groundwater flow environmental tracers numerical modelling palaeohydrology. |
url |
https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-3-2021-152-164_20210622082634.pdf |
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doaj-77b164cc32bf4a878c36806fb31731012021-08-12T15:24:24ZengEstonian Academy PublishersEstonian Journal of Earth Sciences1736-47281736-75572021-06-0170315216410.3176/earth.2021.1110.3176/earth.2021.11Late Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater flow history in the Baltic Artesian Basin: a synthesis of numerical models and hydrogeochemical dataWerner Aeschbach0Christoph Gerber1Jüri Ivask2Enn Kaup3Jean-Michel Lemieux4Tõnu Martma5Joonas Pärn6Roland Purtschert7Valle Raidla8Arnaud Sterckx9Rein Vaikmäe10Leo Vallner11Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Field 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; aeschbach@iup.uni-heidelberg.deClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Now at Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Land and Water, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; christoph.gerber@csiro.auDepartment of Geology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; juri.ivask@taltech.eeDepartment of Geology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment de Geologie et de Genie Geologique, Universite Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Medecine, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada; jean-michel.lemieux@ggl.ulaval.ca; Center for Northern Studies, Universite Laval, 2405 Rue de la Terrasse, Quebec G1V0A6, CanadaDepartment of Geology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; tonu.martma@ttu.eeDepartment of Geology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; joonas.parn@taltech.ee; Department of Hydrogeology and Environment Geology, Geological Survey of Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 5, 44314 Rakvere, Estonia; Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; roland.purtschert@climate.unibe.chGeological Survey of Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 5, 44314 Rakvere, Estonia; valle.raidla@egt.eeDepartment de Geologie et de Genie Geologique, Universite Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Medecine, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada; Now at International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre, IGRAC, Westwest 7, 2611 Ax Delft, The Netherlands; arnaud.sterckx@un-igrac.orgDepartment of Geology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; rein.vaikmae@taltech.eeGeological Survey of Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 5, 44314 Rakvere, Estonia; leo.vallner@taltech.eeWe review our current understanding of groundwater flow history in the northern part of the Baltic Artesian Basin (BAB) from the end of the Late Pleistocene to current conditions based on the hydrogeological studies carried out in 2012â2020 by the Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology and its partners. Hydrogeochemical data and various numerical models are combined in order to understand the link between glaciations and groundwater flow. The results of our earlier research and published literature on groundwater flow history in the BAB are also taken into account. The reconstruction of groundwater flow history is based on the database of the isotopic, chemical and dissolved gas composition of groundwater. The database contains data on 1155 groundwater samples collected during 1974â2017. We find that groundwater in the BAB is controlled by the mixing of three distinct water masses: interglacial/modern meteoric water (δ18O â â11â°), glacial meltwater (δ18O ⤠â18â°) and an older syngenetic end-member (δ18O â¥â4.5â°). The numerical modelling has suggested that the preservation of meltwater in the northern part of the BAB is controlled by confining layers and the proximity to the outcrop areas of aquifers. Aquifers containing groundwater of glacial origin are in a transient state with respect to modern topographically-driven groundwater flow conditions. The most important topics for future research that can address gaps in our current knowledge are also reviewed.https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-3-2021-152-164_20210622082634.pdfbaltic artesian basingroundwater flowenvironmental tracersnumerical modellingpalaeohydrology. |