Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics
A maximum-likelihood-estimation method is proposed for extracting the attitude of a sectoring base station (BS) antenna by using the received signal strengths observed by multiple user equipments (UEs) in this contribution. This method calculates the likelihood function of the antenna attitude deriv...
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doaj-84b97ac24e1945568b1ef295d45e9e102020-11-25T00:12:50ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Antennas and Propagation1687-58691687-58772015-01-01201510.1155/2015/898631898631Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading StatisticsCen Ling0Xuefeng Yin1Yongyu He2Silvia Ruiz Boqué3School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Telecom Building, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, ChinaSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Telecom Building, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, ChinaSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Telecom Building, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, ChinaDepartment of Signal Theory and Communications, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Building C4, C. Esteve Terradas 7, 08860 Castelldefels, SpainA maximum-likelihood-estimation method is proposed for extracting the attitude of a sectoring base station (BS) antenna by using the received signal strengths observed by multiple user equipments (UEs) in this contribution. This method calculates the likelihood function of the antenna attitude derived by taking into account the multiscale fading statistics, that is, path loss, shadowing, and multipath fading. Depending on whether a calibration result of these fading statistics is available or not, the proposed method can be utilized in either calibration-based estimation (CBE) or calibration-free estimation (CFE) approaches. The performance of both methods is evaluated by Monte-Carlo simulations and real experiments. The results obtained demonstrate that the estimation accuracy of both CBE and CFE approaches increases when the percentage of UEs in the line-of-sight (LoS) condition among all available UEs increases and, moreover, the total number of UEs has no significant impact on the estimation accuracy. Furthermore, the CFE exhibits more robust performance than the CBE particularly in the case where the calibration results involve uncertainties.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/898631 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Cen Ling Xuefeng Yin Yongyu He Silvia Ruiz Boqué |
spellingShingle |
Cen Ling Xuefeng Yin Yongyu He Silvia Ruiz Boqué Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
author_facet |
Cen Ling Xuefeng Yin Yongyu He Silvia Ruiz Boqué |
author_sort |
Cen Ling |
title |
Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics |
title_short |
Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics |
title_full |
Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics |
title_fullStr |
Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Attitude Estimation for In-Service Base Station Antenna Using Downlink Channel Fading Statistics |
title_sort |
attitude estimation for in-service base station antenna using downlink channel fading statistics |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
issn |
1687-5869 1687-5877 |
publishDate |
2015-01-01 |
description |
A maximum-likelihood-estimation method is proposed for extracting the attitude of a sectoring base station (BS) antenna by using the received signal strengths observed by multiple user equipments (UEs) in this contribution. This method calculates the likelihood function of the antenna attitude derived by taking into account the multiscale fading statistics, that is, path loss, shadowing, and multipath fading. Depending on whether a calibration result of these fading statistics is available or not, the proposed method can be utilized in either calibration-based estimation (CBE) or calibration-free estimation (CFE) approaches. The performance of both methods is evaluated by Monte-Carlo simulations and real experiments. The results obtained demonstrate that the estimation accuracy of both CBE and CFE approaches increases when the percentage of UEs in the line-of-sight (LoS) condition among all available UEs increases and, moreover, the total number of UEs has no significant impact on the estimation accuracy. Furthermore, the CFE exhibits more robust performance than the CBE particularly in the case where the calibration results involve uncertainties. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/898631 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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