Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses

Giant viruses continue to invade the world of virology, in gigantic genome sizes and various particles shapes. Strains discoveries and metagenomic studies make it possible to reveal the complexity of these microorganisms, their origins, ecosystems and putative roles. We isolated from a rat stool sam...

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Main Authors: Julien Andreani, Jacques Y. B. Khalil, Emeline Baptiste, Issam Hasni, Caroline Michelle, Didier Raoult, Anthony Levasseur, Bernard La Scola
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02643/full
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spelling doaj-8646503e6d474148b3aa5c4db4b17c9d2020-11-25T00:12:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2018-01-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.02643316530Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant VirusesJulien Andreani0Jacques Y. B. Khalil1Jacques Y. B. Khalil2Emeline Baptiste3Issam Hasni4Caroline Michelle5Didier Raoult6Anthony Levasseur7Bernard La Scola8Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceAix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, FranceGiant viruses continue to invade the world of virology, in gigantic genome sizes and various particles shapes. Strains discoveries and metagenomic studies make it possible to reveal the complexity of these microorganisms, their origins, ecosystems and putative roles. We isolated from a rat stool sample a new giant virus “Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2,” using Vermamoeba vermiformis as host cell. In this paper, we describe the main genomic features and replicative cycle of Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2. It possesses a circular genome exceeding 1.4 Megabases with 25% G+C content and ovoidal-shaped particles ranging from 900 to 1300 nm. Particles are closed by at least one thick membrane in a single ostiole-like shape in their apex. Phylogenetic analysis and the reciprocal best hit for Orpheovirus show a connection to the proposed Pithoviridae family. However, some genomic characteristics bear witness to a completely divergent evolution for Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2 when compared to Cedratviruses or Pithoviruses.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02643/fullOrpheovirusCedratvirusPithovirusVermamoeba vermiformisgiant virusesNCLDV
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Julien Andreani
Jacques Y. B. Khalil
Jacques Y. B. Khalil
Emeline Baptiste
Issam Hasni
Caroline Michelle
Didier Raoult
Anthony Levasseur
Bernard La Scola
spellingShingle Julien Andreani
Jacques Y. B. Khalil
Jacques Y. B. Khalil
Emeline Baptiste
Issam Hasni
Caroline Michelle
Didier Raoult
Anthony Levasseur
Bernard La Scola
Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
Frontiers in Microbiology
Orpheovirus
Cedratvirus
Pithovirus
Vermamoeba vermiformis
giant viruses
NCLDV
author_facet Julien Andreani
Jacques Y. B. Khalil
Jacques Y. B. Khalil
Emeline Baptiste
Issam Hasni
Caroline Michelle
Didier Raoult
Anthony Levasseur
Bernard La Scola
author_sort Julien Andreani
title Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
title_short Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
title_full Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
title_fullStr Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
title_full_unstemmed Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses
title_sort orpheovirus ihumi-lcc2: a new virus among the giant viruses
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Microbiology
issn 1664-302X
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Giant viruses continue to invade the world of virology, in gigantic genome sizes and various particles shapes. Strains discoveries and metagenomic studies make it possible to reveal the complexity of these microorganisms, their origins, ecosystems and putative roles. We isolated from a rat stool sample a new giant virus “Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2,” using Vermamoeba vermiformis as host cell. In this paper, we describe the main genomic features and replicative cycle of Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2. It possesses a circular genome exceeding 1.4 Megabases with 25% G+C content and ovoidal-shaped particles ranging from 900 to 1300 nm. Particles are closed by at least one thick membrane in a single ostiole-like shape in their apex. Phylogenetic analysis and the reciprocal best hit for Orpheovirus show a connection to the proposed Pithoviridae family. However, some genomic characteristics bear witness to a completely divergent evolution for Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2 when compared to Cedratviruses or Pithoviruses.
topic Orpheovirus
Cedratvirus
Pithovirus
Vermamoeba vermiformis
giant viruses
NCLDV
url http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02643/full
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