Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.

<h4>Background</h4>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status disclosure has been shown to provide several benefits, both at the individual and societal levels.<h4>Aim</h4>To determine risk factors associated with disclosing HIV status among antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipi...

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Main Authors: Elisa Longinetti, Michele Santacatterina, Ziad El-Khatib
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24743189/?tool=EBI
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spelling doaj-8cc12d48b2864b0e91c8fe533043f81e2021-03-04T09:32:32ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-0194e9544010.1371/journal.pone.0095440Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.Elisa LonginettiMichele SantacatterinaZiad El-KhatibZiad El-Khatib<h4>Background</h4>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status disclosure has been shown to provide several benefits, both at the individual and societal levels.<h4>Aim</h4>To determine risk factors associated with disclosing HIV status among antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients in South Africa.<h4>Setting</h4>A cross-sectional study on risk factors for viremia and drug resistance took place at two outpatient HIV clinics in 2008, at a large hospital located in Soweto, South Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a secondary data analysis on socio-economic characteristics and HIV status disclosure to anyone, focusing on gender differences. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to model the associations between risk factors and HIV status disclosure. Additionally, descriptive analysis was conducted to describe gender differences of HIV status disclosure to partner, parents, parents in law, partner, child, family, employer, and other.<h4>Patients</h4>A total of 883 patients were interviewed. The majority were women (73%) with median age of 39 years.<h4>Results</h4>Employed patients were less likely to disclose than unemployed (odds ratio (OR) 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-1.0; p = 0.05)). Women with higher income were more likely to disclose (OR 3.25; 95% CI 0.90-11.7; p = 0.07) than women with lower income, while men with higher income were less likely (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.02-1.99; p = 0.17) than men with lower income. Men were more likely than women to disclose to their partner (p<0.01), and to partner and family (p<0.01), women were more likely than men to disclose to child and family (p<0.01), to child, family and others (p = 0.01).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Being employed imposed a risk factor for HIV status disclosure, additionally we found an interaction effect of gender and income on disclosure. Interventions designed to reduce workplace discrimination and gender-sensitive interventions promoting disclosure are strongly recommended.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24743189/?tool=EBI
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Elisa Longinetti
Michele Santacatterina
Ziad El-Khatib
Ziad El-Khatib
spellingShingle Elisa Longinetti
Michele Santacatterina
Ziad El-Khatib
Ziad El-Khatib
Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Elisa Longinetti
Michele Santacatterina
Ziad El-Khatib
Ziad El-Khatib
author_sort Elisa Longinetti
title Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.
title_short Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.
title_full Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.
title_fullStr Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.
title_full_unstemmed Gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, a cross-sectional study in Soweto, South Africa.
title_sort gender perspective of risk factors associated with disclosure of hiv status, a cross-sectional study in soweto, south africa.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2014-01-01
description <h4>Background</h4>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status disclosure has been shown to provide several benefits, both at the individual and societal levels.<h4>Aim</h4>To determine risk factors associated with disclosing HIV status among antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients in South Africa.<h4>Setting</h4>A cross-sectional study on risk factors for viremia and drug resistance took place at two outpatient HIV clinics in 2008, at a large hospital located in Soweto, South Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a secondary data analysis on socio-economic characteristics and HIV status disclosure to anyone, focusing on gender differences. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to model the associations between risk factors and HIV status disclosure. Additionally, descriptive analysis was conducted to describe gender differences of HIV status disclosure to partner, parents, parents in law, partner, child, family, employer, and other.<h4>Patients</h4>A total of 883 patients were interviewed. The majority were women (73%) with median age of 39 years.<h4>Results</h4>Employed patients were less likely to disclose than unemployed (odds ratio (OR) 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-1.0; p = 0.05)). Women with higher income were more likely to disclose (OR 3.25; 95% CI 0.90-11.7; p = 0.07) than women with lower income, while men with higher income were less likely (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.02-1.99; p = 0.17) than men with lower income. Men were more likely than women to disclose to their partner (p<0.01), and to partner and family (p<0.01), women were more likely than men to disclose to child and family (p<0.01), to child, family and others (p = 0.01).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Being employed imposed a risk factor for HIV status disclosure, additionally we found an interaction effect of gender and income on disclosure. Interventions designed to reduce workplace discrimination and gender-sensitive interventions promoting disclosure are strongly recommended.
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24743189/?tool=EBI
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