Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries

Lithium (Li) is considered a strategic element whose use has significantly expanded. Its current high demand is due to its use in lithium ion batteries for portable electronic devices, whose manufacture and market are extensively growing every day. These days there is a great concern about the final...

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Main Authors: Daniela S. Suarez, Eliana G. Pinna, Gustavo D. Rosales, Mario H. Rodriguez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2017-05-01
Series:Minerals
Subjects:
LiF
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/7/5/81
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spelling doaj-941bf12529864189836d18b81decfa392020-11-25T00:50:09ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2017-05-01758110.3390/min7050081min7050081Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion BatteriesDaniela S. Suarez0Eliana G. Pinna1Gustavo D. Rosales2Mario H. Rodriguez3Laboratorio de Metalurgia Extractiva y Síntesis de Materiales (MESiMat), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Metalurgia Extractiva y Síntesis de Materiales (MESiMat), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Metalurgia Extractiva y Síntesis de Materiales (MESiMat), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Metalurgia Extractiva y Síntesis de Materiales (MESiMat), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaLithium (Li) is considered a strategic element whose use has significantly expanded. Its current high demand is due to its use in lithium ion batteries for portable electronic devices, whose manufacture and market are extensively growing every day. These days there is a great concern about the final disposal of these batteries. Therefore, the possibility of developing new methodologies to recycle their components is of great importance, both commercially and environmentally. This paper presents results regarding important operational variables for the dissolution of the lithium and cobalt mixed-oxide (LiCoO2) cathodes from spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with hydrofluoric acid. The recovery and synthesis of Co and Li compounds were also investigated. The dissolution parameters studied were: temperature, reaction time, solid-liquid ratio, stirring speed, and concentration of HF. The investigated recovery parameters included: pH, temperature, and time with and without stirring. The final precipitation of lithium fluoride was also examined. The results indicate that an increase in the HF concentration, temperature, and reaction time favors the leaching reaction of the LiCoO2. Dissolutions were close to 60%, at 75 °C and 120 min with a HF concentration of 25% (v/v). The recovery of Co and Li were 98% and 80%, respectively, with purities higher than 94%. Co and Li compounds, such as Co3O4 and LiF, were synthesized. Furthermore, it was possible to almost completely eliminate the F− ions as CaF2.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/7/5/81LiFcobaltlithiumlithium ion batteriesLIBs
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Daniela S. Suarez
Eliana G. Pinna
Gustavo D. Rosales
Mario H. Rodriguez
spellingShingle Daniela S. Suarez
Eliana G. Pinna
Gustavo D. Rosales
Mario H. Rodriguez
Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
Minerals
LiF
cobalt
lithium
lithium ion batteries
LIBs
author_facet Daniela S. Suarez
Eliana G. Pinna
Gustavo D. Rosales
Mario H. Rodriguez
author_sort Daniela S. Suarez
title Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
title_short Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
title_full Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
title_fullStr Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis of Lithium Fluoride from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
title_sort synthesis of lithium fluoride from spent lithium ion batteries
publisher MDPI AG
series Minerals
issn 2075-163X
publishDate 2017-05-01
description Lithium (Li) is considered a strategic element whose use has significantly expanded. Its current high demand is due to its use in lithium ion batteries for portable electronic devices, whose manufacture and market are extensively growing every day. These days there is a great concern about the final disposal of these batteries. Therefore, the possibility of developing new methodologies to recycle their components is of great importance, both commercially and environmentally. This paper presents results regarding important operational variables for the dissolution of the lithium and cobalt mixed-oxide (LiCoO2) cathodes from spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with hydrofluoric acid. The recovery and synthesis of Co and Li compounds were also investigated. The dissolution parameters studied were: temperature, reaction time, solid-liquid ratio, stirring speed, and concentration of HF. The investigated recovery parameters included: pH, temperature, and time with and without stirring. The final precipitation of lithium fluoride was also examined. The results indicate that an increase in the HF concentration, temperature, and reaction time favors the leaching reaction of the LiCoO2. Dissolutions were close to 60%, at 75 °C and 120 min with a HF concentration of 25% (v/v). The recovery of Co and Li were 98% and 80%, respectively, with purities higher than 94%. Co and Li compounds, such as Co3O4 and LiF, were synthesized. Furthermore, it was possible to almost completely eliminate the F− ions as CaF2.
topic LiF
cobalt
lithium
lithium ion batteries
LIBs
url http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/7/5/81
work_keys_str_mv AT danielassuarez synthesisoflithiumfluoridefromspentlithiumionbatteries
AT elianagpinna synthesisoflithiumfluoridefromspentlithiumionbatteries
AT gustavodrosales synthesisoflithiumfluoridefromspentlithiumionbatteries
AT mariohrodriguez synthesisoflithiumfluoridefromspentlithiumionbatteries
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