Who put the film in biofilm? The migration of a term from wastewater engineering to medicine and beyond

Abstract Sessile microorganisms were described as early as the seventeenth century. However, the term biofilm arose only in the 1960s in wastewater treatment research and was adopted later in marine fouling and in medical and dental microbiology. The sessile mode of microbial life was gradually reco...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hans-Curt Flemming, Philippe Baveye, Thomas R. Neu, Paul Stoodley, Ulrich Szewzyk, Jost Wingender, Stefan Wuertz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2021-01-01
Series:npj Biofilms and Microbiomes
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-020-00183-3