Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment
The verifiable computation paradigm has been studied extensively as a means to verifying the result of outsourced computation. In said scheme, the verifier requests computation from the prover and verifies the result by checking the output and proof received from the prover. Although they have great...
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doaj-a823950a000549bcb3e39568f6ec89242021-03-30T04:54:18ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362020-01-01821668921670610.1109/ACCESS.2020.30413089273052Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution EnvironmentJunghee Lee0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-0136Chrysostomos Nicopoulos1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-6068Gweonho Jeong2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2527-2320Jihye Kim3Hyunok Oh4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9044-7441School of Cybersecurity, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, CyprusDepartment of Information System, Hanyang University, Seoul, South KoreaElectronics and Information System Engineering Major, Kookmin University, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Information System, Hanyang University, Seoul, South KoreaThe verifiable computation paradigm has been studied extensively as a means to verifying the result of outsourced computation. In said scheme, the verifier requests computation from the prover and verifies the result by checking the output and proof received from the prover. Although they have great potential for various critical applications, verifiable computations have not been widely used in practice, because of their significant performance overhead. Existing cryptography-based approaches incur significant overhead, because a cryptography-based mathematical frame needs to be constructed, which prevents deviation from the correct computation. The proposed approach is to reduce the overhead by trusting the computing hardware platform where the computation is outsourced. If one trusts the hardware to do the computation, the hardware can take the place of the cryptographic computing frame, thereby guaranteeing correct computation. The key challenge of this approach is to define what exactly the hardware should guarantee for verifiable computation. For this, we introduce the concept of Correct Execution Environment (CEE), which guarantees instruction correctness and state preservation. We prove that these two requirements are satisfactory conditions for a correct output. By employing a CEE, the verifiable computation scheme can be simplified, and its overhead can be reduced drastically. The presented experimental results demonstrate that the execution time is approximately 1.7 million times faster and the verification time over 50 times faster than a state-of-the-art cryptographic approach.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9273052/Verifiable computationcryptographytrusted hardwarecomputer architecture |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Junghee Lee Chrysostomos Nicopoulos Gweonho Jeong Jihye Kim Hyunok Oh |
spellingShingle |
Junghee Lee Chrysostomos Nicopoulos Gweonho Jeong Jihye Kim Hyunok Oh Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment IEEE Access Verifiable computation cryptography trusted hardware computer architecture |
author_facet |
Junghee Lee Chrysostomos Nicopoulos Gweonho Jeong Jihye Kim Hyunok Oh |
author_sort |
Junghee Lee |
title |
Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment |
title_short |
Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment |
title_full |
Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment |
title_fullStr |
Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Practical Verifiable Computation by Using a Hardware-Based Correct Execution Environment |
title_sort |
practical verifiable computation by using a hardware-based correct execution environment |
publisher |
IEEE |
series |
IEEE Access |
issn |
2169-3536 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
The verifiable computation paradigm has been studied extensively as a means to verifying the result of outsourced computation. In said scheme, the verifier requests computation from the prover and verifies the result by checking the output and proof received from the prover. Although they have great potential for various critical applications, verifiable computations have not been widely used in practice, because of their significant performance overhead. Existing cryptography-based approaches incur significant overhead, because a cryptography-based mathematical frame needs to be constructed, which prevents deviation from the correct computation. The proposed approach is to reduce the overhead by trusting the computing hardware platform where the computation is outsourced. If one trusts the hardware to do the computation, the hardware can take the place of the cryptographic computing frame, thereby guaranteeing correct computation. The key challenge of this approach is to define what exactly the hardware should guarantee for verifiable computation. For this, we introduce the concept of Correct Execution Environment (CEE), which guarantees instruction correctness and state preservation. We prove that these two requirements are satisfactory conditions for a correct output. By employing a CEE, the verifiable computation scheme can be simplified, and its overhead can be reduced drastically. The presented experimental results demonstrate that the execution time is approximately 1.7 million times faster and the verification time over 50 times faster than a state-of-the-art cryptographic approach. |
topic |
Verifiable computation cryptography trusted hardware computer architecture |
url |
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9273052/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
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