Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>)
The purpose of the study is to investigate the utilisation of Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) as a source for the fabrication of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from Napier fiber were isolated via ball-milling assisted by acid hydrolysis....
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doaj-b5a06d8aa9fb44519d93ca706fb3940e2020-11-25T03:06:46ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-09-01134125412510.3390/ma13184125Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>)Revati Radakisnin0Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid1Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir2Mohammad Jawaid3Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan4Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir5Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Putra Campus, Arau, Perlis 02600, MalaysiaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Putra Campus, Arau, Perlis 02600, MalaysiaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Putra Campus, Arau, Perlis 02600, MalaysiaLaboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, MalaysiaLaboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, MalaysiaCenter for Integrated Design of Advanced Mechanical Systems (PRISMA), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor 43600, MalaysiaThe purpose of the study is to investigate the utilisation of Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) as a source for the fabrication of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from Napier fiber were isolated via ball-milling assisted by acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis with different molarities (1.0, 3.8 and 5.6 M) was performed efficiently facilitate cellulose fiber size reduction. The resulting CNFs were characterised through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), particle size analyser (PSA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FTIR results demonstrated that there were no obvious changes observed between the spectra of the CNFs with different molarities of acid hydrolysis. With 5.6 M acid hydrolysis, the XRD analysis displayed the highest degree of CNF crystallinity at 70.67%. In a thermal analysis by TGA and DTG, cellulose nanofiber with 5.6 M acid hydrolysis tended to produce cellulose nanofibers with higher thermal stability. As evidenced by the structural morphologies, a fibrous network nanostructure was obtained under TEM and AFM analysis, while a compact structure was observed under FESEM analysis. In conclusion, the isolated CNFs from Napier-derived cellulose are expected to yield potential to be used as a suitable source for nanocomposite production in various applications, including pharmaceutical, food packaging and biomedical fields.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4125Napier fibercellulose nanofibercrystallinitymorphology propertiesthermal properties |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Revati Radakisnin Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir Mohammad Jawaid Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir |
spellingShingle |
Revati Radakisnin Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir Mohammad Jawaid Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) Materials Napier fiber cellulose nanofiber crystallinity morphology properties thermal properties |
author_facet |
Revati Radakisnin Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir Mohammad Jawaid Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir |
author_sort |
Revati Radakisnin |
title |
Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) |
title_short |
Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) |
title_full |
Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) |
title_fullStr |
Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers from Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) |
title_sort |
structural, morphological and thermal properties of cellulose nanofibers from napier fiber (<i>pennisetum purpureum</i>) |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2020-09-01 |
description |
The purpose of the study is to investigate the utilisation of Napier fiber (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) as a source for the fabrication of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from Napier fiber were isolated via ball-milling assisted by acid hydrolysis. Acid hydrolysis with different molarities (1.0, 3.8 and 5.6 M) was performed efficiently facilitate cellulose fiber size reduction. The resulting CNFs were characterised through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), particle size analyser (PSA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FTIR results demonstrated that there were no obvious changes observed between the spectra of the CNFs with different molarities of acid hydrolysis. With 5.6 M acid hydrolysis, the XRD analysis displayed the highest degree of CNF crystallinity at 70.67%. In a thermal analysis by TGA and DTG, cellulose nanofiber with 5.6 M acid hydrolysis tended to produce cellulose nanofibers with higher thermal stability. As evidenced by the structural morphologies, a fibrous network nanostructure was obtained under TEM and AFM analysis, while a compact structure was observed under FESEM analysis. In conclusion, the isolated CNFs from Napier-derived cellulose are expected to yield potential to be used as a suitable source for nanocomposite production in various applications, including pharmaceutical, food packaging and biomedical fields. |
topic |
Napier fiber cellulose nanofiber crystallinity morphology properties thermal properties |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/18/4125 |
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