NUTRIENT REGIME OF THE SOIL IN THE FIELD CROP ROTATION DIFFERENT DOSES FERTILIZER

• Main Author: Hospodarenko G.M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Uman National University of Horticulture 2019-01-01
• Series: Вісник Уманського національного університету садівництва
• Subjects: soil.
• Online Access: http://visnyk-unaus.udau.edu.ua/assets/files/articles/2019/1/10.pdf
• ISSN: 2310-046X; 2310-0478

The article presents the results of studies on the study of the nutrient regime of the soil in the field crop rotation for the longterm application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers. The research was conducted in 2016-2018 under the conditions of the stationary field experiment, which was laid in 2011 on the research field of the Uman National Horticulture University located in the Mankovsky natural and agricultural area of the Central-Dnipro-Bug District of the Forest-Steppe Right Bank province. The soil of the experimental site is black-ground podzolized heavy-sandy loam with humus content of 3.8%, nitrogen content of readily hydrolyzed compounds - low, mobile phosphorus and potassium compounds increased, pH 5.5. The experiment is simultaneously deployed on four fields with such alternation of crops: winter wheat, corn, spring barley, soy beans. A non-cumulative part of the crop yield was left on the field for fertilizer. Phosphoric (granulated superphosphate) and potassium fertilizers (potassium chloride) were introduced under sown soil tillage, nitric (ammonium nitrate) - under pre-sowing cultivation and fertilization. Studies have established that pseudozol black earth has a low nitrogen content of easilyhydrolyzed compounds, even when applied on the background of the non-consumable part of the crop N110P60K80 abandoned for fertilization during two rotations of a 4-way crop rotation. This indicates the importance of the nitrogen component in the fertilizer system of crops. Application of phosphate fertilizers in a dose of P30-60 per 1 hectare of crop rotation allows maintaining the content of mobile phosphates in the soil at the initial level. In version N110K80, the average annual reduction in their content in the soil layer of 0-20 cm is 2.5 mg / kg of soil. Despite the significant return of potassium to the soil with the unpopular part of the crop and its significant natural reserves, in the plots without potassium fertilizers, there is a significant decrease in the content of its mobile compounds in the soil layer of 0-20 cm - from 131.7 to 120.3-127, 9 mg / kg. This indicates the inappropriateness of the complete refusal to use potassium fertilizers. In order to restore and improve the nutritional regime of chernozem podzoleny in field crop rotation (winter wheat, corn, spring barley, soy) against the background of leaving in the field of non-part of the crop, mineral fertilizers should be introduced in a dose of N110P60K40 per 1 hectare of crop rotation. Reduced twice the amount of potassium fertilizers that were calculated by the economic removal of potassium stabilize the content of its mobile compounds in the soil.