Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets

Joining of aluminum alloys through friction stir welding (FSW) is effectively employed in several industries (e.g., aeronautics and aerospace) since it guarantees proper weld strength as compared to other joining technologies. Contrarily, dissimilar FSW of aluminum alloys and steels often poses impo...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mian Wasif Safeen, Pasquale Russo Spena
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-05-01
Series:Metals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/5/610
id doaj-c97fc0bbf3c04df59f44d6ba7280f930
record_format Article
spelling doaj-c97fc0bbf3c04df59f44d6ba7280f9302020-11-25T02:01:44ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012019-05-019561010.3390/met9050610met9050610Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel SheetsMian Wasif Safeen0Pasquale Russo Spena1Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, ItalyDepartment of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyJoining of aluminum alloys through friction stir welding (FSW) is effectively employed in several industries (e.g., aeronautics and aerospace) since it guarantees proper weld strength as compared to other joining technologies. Contrarily, dissimilar FSW of aluminum alloys and steels often poses important issues in the selection of welding parameters due to the difficulty to join different materials. Improper welding parameters give rise to the formation of intermetallic compounds, and internal and external defects (e.g., tunnel formation, voids, surface grooves, and flash). Intermetallic compounds are brittle precipitates of Al/Fe, which chiefly initiate crack nucleation, whereas internal and external defects mainly act as stress concentration factors. All these features significantly reduce joint strength under static and dynamic loading conditions. With reference to the literature, the influence of main welding parameters (rotational speed, welding speed, tool geometry, tilt angle, offset distance, and plunge depth) on the formation of intermetallic compounds and defects in FSW of aluminum alloys and steels is discussed here. Possible countermeasures to avoid or limit the above-mentioned issues are also summarily reported.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/5/610friction stir weldingaluminum alloyssteelswelding parametersjoint qualityintermetallic compoundsdefects
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Mian Wasif Safeen
Pasquale Russo Spena
spellingShingle Mian Wasif Safeen
Pasquale Russo Spena
Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets
Metals
friction stir welding
aluminum alloys
steels
welding parameters
joint quality
intermetallic compounds
defects
author_facet Mian Wasif Safeen
Pasquale Russo Spena
author_sort Mian Wasif Safeen
title Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets
title_short Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets
title_full Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets
title_fullStr Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets
title_full_unstemmed Main Issues in Quality of Friction Stir Welding Joints of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Sheets
title_sort main issues in quality of friction stir welding joints of aluminum alloy and steel sheets
publisher MDPI AG
series Metals
issn 2075-4701
publishDate 2019-05-01
description Joining of aluminum alloys through friction stir welding (FSW) is effectively employed in several industries (e.g., aeronautics and aerospace) since it guarantees proper weld strength as compared to other joining technologies. Contrarily, dissimilar FSW of aluminum alloys and steels often poses important issues in the selection of welding parameters due to the difficulty to join different materials. Improper welding parameters give rise to the formation of intermetallic compounds, and internal and external defects (e.g., tunnel formation, voids, surface grooves, and flash). Intermetallic compounds are brittle precipitates of Al/Fe, which chiefly initiate crack nucleation, whereas internal and external defects mainly act as stress concentration factors. All these features significantly reduce joint strength under static and dynamic loading conditions. With reference to the literature, the influence of main welding parameters (rotational speed, welding speed, tool geometry, tilt angle, offset distance, and plunge depth) on the formation of intermetallic compounds and defects in FSW of aluminum alloys and steels is discussed here. Possible countermeasures to avoid or limit the above-mentioned issues are also summarily reported.
topic friction stir welding
aluminum alloys
steels
welding parameters
joint quality
intermetallic compounds
defects
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/5/610
work_keys_str_mv AT mianwasifsafeen mainissuesinqualityoffrictionstirweldingjointsofaluminumalloyandsteelsheets
AT pasqualerussospena mainissuesinqualityoffrictionstirweldingjointsofaluminumalloyandsteelsheets
_version_ 1724956208437133312