Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
INTRODUCTION:Postnatal depression (PND) is a major cause of negative health-related behaviors and outcomes during infancy, childhood and adolescent period. In Africa, the burden of postnatal depression is high. However, it is under-investigated hence under-treated. To fill this information gap and t...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-01-01
|
Series: | PLoS ONE |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231940 |
id |
doaj-ca8a6385752845cc8e86d8497fb56980 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-ca8a6385752845cc8e86d8497fb569802021-03-03T21:44:14ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01154e023194010.1371/journal.pone.0231940Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Abel Fekadu DadiTemesgen Yihunie AkaluAdhanom Gebreegziabher BarakiHaileab Fekadu WoldeINTRODUCTION:Postnatal depression (PND) is a major cause of negative health-related behaviors and outcomes during infancy, childhood and adolescent period. In Africa, the burden of postnatal depression is high. However, it is under-investigated hence under-treated. To fill this information gap and to advise further interventions, we aimed at analyzing its epidemiology in Africa. METHODS:We searched observational studies conducted in Africa and published in between 01/01/2007 and 30/06/2018 in CINHAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Psychiatry online, PubMed, SCOPES, and Emcare databases. We assessed the quality of the studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) and included studies with good quality. We evaluated the heterogeneity using the Higgins I2 statistics. We used a random-effects model to pool estimates. We assessed publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger's test statistics and adjusted using Tweedie's and Duval Trim and Fill analysis. The protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO (Protocol No. CRD42018100461). RESULTS:Nineteen studies involving 40,953 postnatal mothers were part of this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of PND was 16.84% (95% CI: 14.49% -19.19%). The odds of having PND was higher among women with a poor obstetric condition (POR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.11-4.01) and history of adverse birth and infant health outcomes (POR = 2.85; 95% CI: 1.29-6.25). Having a history of common mental health disorders (POR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.51-4.04), poor social support (POR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.05-4.05), lower economic status (POR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.75-3.23), and those who had exposure to a different form of intimate partner violence (POR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.60-5.16) had higher odds of PND. CONCLUSION:While robust prevalence studies are scarce, our review indicated a high prevalence rate of postnatal depression. The analysis also identified postpartum women at increased risk of PND. Therefore, there is a need to design and escalate comprehensive strategies to decrease its burden, focusing on those women at risk of PND.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231940 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Abel Fekadu Dadi Temesgen Yihunie Akalu Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki Haileab Fekadu Wolde |
spellingShingle |
Abel Fekadu Dadi Temesgen Yihunie Akalu Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki Haileab Fekadu Wolde Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Abel Fekadu Dadi Temesgen Yihunie Akalu Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki Haileab Fekadu Wolde |
author_sort |
Abel Fekadu Dadi |
title |
Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
title_short |
Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
title_full |
Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
title_fullStr |
Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
title_sort |
epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
INTRODUCTION:Postnatal depression (PND) is a major cause of negative health-related behaviors and outcomes during infancy, childhood and adolescent period. In Africa, the burden of postnatal depression is high. However, it is under-investigated hence under-treated. To fill this information gap and to advise further interventions, we aimed at analyzing its epidemiology in Africa. METHODS:We searched observational studies conducted in Africa and published in between 01/01/2007 and 30/06/2018 in CINHAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Psychiatry online, PubMed, SCOPES, and Emcare databases. We assessed the quality of the studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) and included studies with good quality. We evaluated the heterogeneity using the Higgins I2 statistics. We used a random-effects model to pool estimates. We assessed publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger's test statistics and adjusted using Tweedie's and Duval Trim and Fill analysis. The protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO (Protocol No. CRD42018100461). RESULTS:Nineteen studies involving 40,953 postnatal mothers were part of this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of PND was 16.84% (95% CI: 14.49% -19.19%). The odds of having PND was higher among women with a poor obstetric condition (POR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.11-4.01) and history of adverse birth and infant health outcomes (POR = 2.85; 95% CI: 1.29-6.25). Having a history of common mental health disorders (POR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.51-4.04), poor social support (POR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.05-4.05), lower economic status (POR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.75-3.23), and those who had exposure to a different form of intimate partner violence (POR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.60-5.16) had higher odds of PND. CONCLUSION:While robust prevalence studies are scarce, our review indicated a high prevalence rate of postnatal depression. The analysis also identified postpartum women at increased risk of PND. Therefore, there is a need to design and escalate comprehensive strategies to decrease its burden, focusing on those women at risk of PND. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231940 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT abelfekadudadi epidemiologyofpostnataldepressionanditsassociatedfactorsinafricaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT temesgenyihunieakalu epidemiologyofpostnataldepressionanditsassociatedfactorsinafricaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT adhanomgebreegziabherbaraki epidemiologyofpostnataldepressionanditsassociatedfactorsinafricaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT haileabfekaduwolde epidemiologyofpostnataldepressionanditsassociatedfactorsinafricaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |
_version_ |
1714815405792428032 |