Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study
Nowadays, unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) are mainly obtained from non-renewable resources. The ever-increasing regulations and the continuous demand for more sustainability have led to extensive research towards more environmentally suitable alternatives to petroleum-based materials. However, on...
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doaj-cc9a3f6d4cd548a7984a8911f1466db62021-08-26T14:15:08ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-08-01132667266710.3390/polym13162667Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical StudyPavle Spasojevic0Sanja Seslija1Maja Markovic2Olga Pantic3Katarina Antic4Milica Spasojevic5Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetog Save 65, 32000 Cacak, SerbiaInstitute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInnovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInnovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInnovative Centre of Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaNowadays, unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) are mainly obtained from non-renewable resources. The ever-increasing regulations and the continuous demand for more sustainability have led to extensive research towards more environmentally suitable alternatives to petroleum-based materials. However, one of the main disadvantages of bio-based UPR is their relatively high viscosity compared to petrochemical ones. In order to overcome this drawback, in this work, we investigated the possibility to lower the resin viscosity utilizing a mixture of dimethyl itaconate (DMI) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a reactive diluent. The effect of the DMI and MMA ratio on resin rheological properties was investigated. The optimal curing parameters were determined and all UPRs had a high gel content, which was shown to be dependent on the DMI and MMA ratio in the formulation. Furthermore, thermomechanical and mechanical properties of the resulting network were also found to be affected by the used reactive diluent mixture. A small substitution of DMI by MMA proved to be advantageous since it offers lower resin viscosity and improved mechanical properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/16/2667unsaturated polyester resinsdimethyl itaconatemethyl methacrylaterheological properties |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Pavle Spasojevic Sanja Seslija Maja Markovic Olga Pantic Katarina Antic Milica Spasojevic |
spellingShingle |
Pavle Spasojevic Sanja Seslija Maja Markovic Olga Pantic Katarina Antic Milica Spasojevic Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study Polymers unsaturated polyester resins dimethyl itaconate methyl methacrylate rheological properties |
author_facet |
Pavle Spasojevic Sanja Seslija Maja Markovic Olga Pantic Katarina Antic Milica Spasojevic |
author_sort |
Pavle Spasojevic |
title |
Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study |
title_short |
Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study |
title_full |
Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study |
title_fullStr |
Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optimization of Reactive Diluent for Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin: A Rheological and Thermomechanical Study |
title_sort |
optimization of reactive diluent for bio-based unsaturated polyester resin: a rheological and thermomechanical study |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Polymers |
issn |
2073-4360 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Nowadays, unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) are mainly obtained from non-renewable resources. The ever-increasing regulations and the continuous demand for more sustainability have led to extensive research towards more environmentally suitable alternatives to petroleum-based materials. However, one of the main disadvantages of bio-based UPR is their relatively high viscosity compared to petrochemical ones. In order to overcome this drawback, in this work, we investigated the possibility to lower the resin viscosity utilizing a mixture of dimethyl itaconate (DMI) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a reactive diluent. The effect of the DMI and MMA ratio on resin rheological properties was investigated. The optimal curing parameters were determined and all UPRs had a high gel content, which was shown to be dependent on the DMI and MMA ratio in the formulation. Furthermore, thermomechanical and mechanical properties of the resulting network were also found to be affected by the used reactive diluent mixture. A small substitution of DMI by MMA proved to be advantageous since it offers lower resin viscosity and improved mechanical properties. |
topic |
unsaturated polyester resins dimethyl itaconate methyl methacrylate rheological properties |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/16/2667 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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