Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer

Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer

Field-effect transistor (FET) sensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for detecting chemical species provide a number of distinct advantages, such as ultra-sensitivity, label-free, and real-time response. However, without a passivation layer, channel materials directly exposed to an ionic solu...

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Main Authors: Jingbo Chang, Guihua Zhou, Xianfeng Gao, Shun Mao, Shumao Cui, Leonidas E. Ocola, Chris Yuan, Junhong Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2015-09-01
Series:Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214180415300106
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spelling doaj-da451613e1284564a69da02e1cb0fa022020-11-25T00:04:37ZengElsevierSensing and Bio-Sensing Research2214-18042015-09-01597104Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layerJingbo Chang0Guihua Zhou1Xianfeng Gao2Shun Mao3Shumao Cui4Leonidas E. Ocola5Chris Yuan6Junhong Chen7Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USACenter for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; Corresponding author.Field-effect transistor (FET) sensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for detecting chemical species provide a number of distinct advantages, such as ultra-sensitivity, label-free, and real-time response. However, without a passivation layer, channel materials directly exposed to an ionic solution could generate multiple signals from ionic conduction through the solution droplet, doping effect, and gating effect. Therefore, a method that provides a passivation layer on the surface of rGO without degrading device performance will significantly improve device sensitivity, in which the conductivity changes solely with the gating effect. In this work, we report rGO FET sensor devices with Hg2+-dependent DNA as a probe and the use of an Al2O3 layer to separate analytes from conducting channel materials. The device shows good electronic stability, excellent lower detection limit (1 nM), and high sensitivity for real-time detection of Hg2+ in an underwater environment. Our work shows that optimization of an rGO FET structure can provide significant performance enhancement and profound fundamental understanding for the sensor mechanism. Keywords: Field-effect transistor, Graphene oxide, Au nanoparticle, Passivation layerhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214180415300106
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Jingbo Chang
Guihua Zhou
Xianfeng Gao
Shun Mao
Shumao Cui
Leonidas E. Ocola
Chris Yuan
Junhong Chen
spellingShingle Jingbo Chang
Guihua Zhou
Xianfeng Gao
Shun Mao
Shumao Cui
Leonidas E. Ocola
Chris Yuan
Junhong Chen
Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
author_facet Jingbo Chang
Guihua Zhou
Xianfeng Gao
Shun Mao
Shumao Cui
Leonidas E. Ocola
Chris Yuan
Junhong Chen
author_sort Jingbo Chang
title Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
title_short Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
title_full Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
title_fullStr Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
title_full_unstemmed Real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/DNA field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
title_sort real-time detection of mercury ions in water using a reduced graphene oxide/dna field-effect transistor with assistance of a passivation layer
publisher Elsevier
series Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
issn 2214-1804
publishDate 2015-09-01
description Field-effect transistor (FET) sensors based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for detecting chemical species provide a number of distinct advantages, such as ultra-sensitivity, label-free, and real-time response. However, without a passivation layer, channel materials directly exposed to an ionic solution could generate multiple signals from ionic conduction through the solution droplet, doping effect, and gating effect. Therefore, a method that provides a passivation layer on the surface of rGO without degrading device performance will significantly improve device sensitivity, in which the conductivity changes solely with the gating effect. In this work, we report rGO FET sensor devices with Hg2+-dependent DNA as a probe and the use of an Al2O3 layer to separate analytes from conducting channel materials. The device shows good electronic stability, excellent lower detection limit (1 nM), and high sensitivity for real-time detection of Hg2+ in an underwater environment. Our work shows that optimization of an rGO FET structure can provide significant performance enhancement and profound fundamental understanding for the sensor mechanism. Keywords: Field-effect transistor, Graphene oxide, Au nanoparticle, Passivation layer
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214180415300106
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