Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures
In most countries around the world, the population is rapidly aging. A by-product of these demographic shifts is that older adults will likely occupy more positions of power and influence in our societies than ever before. Further, cultural differences might shape how these transitions unfold around...
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doaj-dc1841b0edd84536a4776902aa5b1d4b2021-09-17T04:16:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782021-09-011210.3389/fpsyg.2021.703831703831Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across CulturesThomas Vaughan-Johnston0Thomas Vaughan-Johnston1Faizan Imtiaz2Albert Lee3Li-Jun Ji4Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United KingdomDepartment of Psychology, Towson University, Towson, MD, United StatesSchool of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, CanadaIn most countries around the world, the population is rapidly aging. A by-product of these demographic shifts is that older adults will likely occupy more positions of power and influence in our societies than ever before. Further, cultural differences might shape how these transitions unfold around the globe. Across two studies, we investigated whether business and political leaders differed in age across various cultures. Study 1 (N = 1,034) showed that business leaders were significantly older in Eastern (e.g., China, India, and Japan) cultures than Western (e.g., United States, Sweden, and United Kingdom) cultures, even while controlling for population structure (e.g., percentage of elderly in the society), gross domestic product (GDP), and wealth distribution across the population (GINI). Study 2 (N = 1,268) conceptually replicated these findings by showing that political leaders were once again older in Eastern vs. Western cultures. Furthermore, cultural tightness mediated the relationship between culture and older leadership. These findings highlight how cultural differences impact not only our preferences, but also important outcomes in consequential domains such as business and politics. Potential explanations for why cultural tightness may be related to differences in leader age across cultures are discussed. To build on these findings, future research should assess the potential causal mechanisms underlying the cultural effect on leader age, and explore the various practical implications of this effect.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703831/fullleadershipagingculturecultural tightnessbusinesspolitics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Faizan Imtiaz Albert Lee Li-Jun Ji |
spellingShingle |
Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Faizan Imtiaz Albert Lee Li-Jun Ji Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures Frontiers in Psychology leadership aging culture cultural tightness business politics |
author_facet |
Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Thomas Vaughan-Johnston Faizan Imtiaz Albert Lee Li-Jun Ji |
author_sort |
Thomas Vaughan-Johnston |
title |
Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures |
title_short |
Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures |
title_full |
Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures |
title_fullStr |
Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Age Differences in Leadership Positions Across Cultures |
title_sort |
age differences in leadership positions across cultures |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Psychology |
issn |
1664-1078 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
In most countries around the world, the population is rapidly aging. A by-product of these demographic shifts is that older adults will likely occupy more positions of power and influence in our societies than ever before. Further, cultural differences might shape how these transitions unfold around the globe. Across two studies, we investigated whether business and political leaders differed in age across various cultures. Study 1 (N = 1,034) showed that business leaders were significantly older in Eastern (e.g., China, India, and Japan) cultures than Western (e.g., United States, Sweden, and United Kingdom) cultures, even while controlling for population structure (e.g., percentage of elderly in the society), gross domestic product (GDP), and wealth distribution across the population (GINI). Study 2 (N = 1,268) conceptually replicated these findings by showing that political leaders were once again older in Eastern vs. Western cultures. Furthermore, cultural tightness mediated the relationship between culture and older leadership. These findings highlight how cultural differences impact not only our preferences, but also important outcomes in consequential domains such as business and politics. Potential explanations for why cultural tightness may be related to differences in leader age across cultures are discussed. To build on these findings, future research should assess the potential causal mechanisms underlying the cultural effect on leader age, and explore the various practical implications of this effect. |
topic |
leadership aging culture cultural tightness business politics |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703831/full |
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