Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys
(1) Background: Recent studies reported that decrease in lung function of Chinese children and adolescents continues to decline, although the change has been insignificant and has reached a plateau. However, studies have not explored the relationship between lung function and economic development in...
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doaj-dda0071d47c5479a9b1e5815b35ecd022021-07-01T00:35:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-06-01186592659210.3390/ijerph18126592Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National SurveysXiaomei Gan0Kehong Yu1Xu Wen2Yijuan Lu3Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China(1) Background: Recent studies reported that decrease in lung function of Chinese children and adolescents continues to decline, although the change has been insignificant and has reached a plateau. However, studies have not explored the relationship between lung function and economic development in China. This study sought to explore the longitudinal association between socio-economic indicators and lung function; (2) Method: Data were obtained from seven successive national surveys conducted by the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health from 1985 to 2014. Lung function of school-age children (7–22 years) was determined using forced vital capacity (FVC). GDP per capita and urbanization ratio were used as economic indicators. A fixed-effects model was employed to examine the longitudinal association after adjusting for height, weight, and time trends; (3) Results: Socio-economic indicators showed a U-curve relationship with lung function of boys and girls from urban and rural areas. Lung function initially decreased with GDP per capita or urbanization ratio and reached a minimum. Lung function then increased with increase in GDP per capita or urbanization ratio. The findings indicate that the relationship between economic growth and lung function is different in different development stages. In less-developed provinces, economic growth was negatively correlated with lung function, whereas, in developed provinces, economic growth was positively correlated with lung function; (4) Conclusion: The findings of the current study show that economic growth has significantly different effects on lung function at different economic levels. Therefore, governments should improve lung health in children and adolescents from low and middle economic regions.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/12/6592economic growthlung functionlongitudinal associationchildren and adolescents |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiaomei Gan Kehong Yu Xu Wen Yijuan Lu |
spellingShingle |
Xiaomei Gan Kehong Yu Xu Wen Yijuan Lu Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health economic growth lung function longitudinal association children and adolescents |
author_facet |
Xiaomei Gan Kehong Yu Xu Wen Yijuan Lu |
author_sort |
Xiaomei Gan |
title |
Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys |
title_short |
Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys |
title_full |
Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys |
title_fullStr |
Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys |
title_full_unstemmed |
Longitudinal Association of Economic Growth with Lung Function of Chinese Children and Adolescents over 30 Years: Evidence from Seven Successive National Surveys |
title_sort |
longitudinal association of economic growth with lung function of chinese children and adolescents over 30 years: evidence from seven successive national surveys |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
(1) Background: Recent studies reported that decrease in lung function of Chinese children and adolescents continues to decline, although the change has been insignificant and has reached a plateau. However, studies have not explored the relationship between lung function and economic development in China. This study sought to explore the longitudinal association between socio-economic indicators and lung function; (2) Method: Data were obtained from seven successive national surveys conducted by the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health from 1985 to 2014. Lung function of school-age children (7–22 years) was determined using forced vital capacity (FVC). GDP per capita and urbanization ratio were used as economic indicators. A fixed-effects model was employed to examine the longitudinal association after adjusting for height, weight, and time trends; (3) Results: Socio-economic indicators showed a U-curve relationship with lung function of boys and girls from urban and rural areas. Lung function initially decreased with GDP per capita or urbanization ratio and reached a minimum. Lung function then increased with increase in GDP per capita or urbanization ratio. The findings indicate that the relationship between economic growth and lung function is different in different development stages. In less-developed provinces, economic growth was negatively correlated with lung function, whereas, in developed provinces, economic growth was positively correlated with lung function; (4) Conclusion: The findings of the current study show that economic growth has significantly different effects on lung function at different economic levels. Therefore, governments should improve lung health in children and adolescents from low and middle economic regions. |
topic |
economic growth lung function longitudinal association children and adolescents |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/12/6592 |
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