Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems
Cilia and flagella are highly conserved and important microtubule-based organelles that project from the surface of eukaryotic cells and act as antennae to sense extracellular signals. Moreover, cilia have emerged as key players in numerous physiological, developmental, and sensory processes such as...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2015-09-01
|
Series: | Cells |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/4/3/500 |
id |
doaj-dfd8e1165959497cb03423797e776b99 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-dfd8e1165959497cb03423797e776b992020-11-25T00:33:47ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092015-09-014350051910.3390/cells4030500cells4030500Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory SystemsNathalie Falk0Marlene Lösl1Nadja Schröder2Andreas Gießl3Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Biology, Animal Physiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Biology, Animal Physiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Biology, Animal Physiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyCilia and flagella are highly conserved and important microtubule-based organelles that project from the surface of eukaryotic cells and act as antennae to sense extracellular signals. Moreover, cilia have emerged as key players in numerous physiological, developmental, and sensory processes such as hearing, olfaction, and photoreception. Genetic defects in ciliary proteins responsible for cilia formation, maintenance, or function underlie a wide array of human diseases like deafness, anosmia, and retinal degeneration in sensory systems. Impairment of more than one sensory organ results in numerous syndromic ciliary disorders like the autosomal recessive genetic diseases Bardet-Biedl and Usher syndrome. Here we describe the structure and distinct functional roles of cilia in sensory organs like the inner ear, the olfactory epithelium, and the retina of the mouse. The spectrum of ciliary function in fundamental cellular processes highlights the importance of elucidating ciliopathy-related proteins in order to find novel potential therapies.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/4/3/500primary ciliaintraflagellar transportkinociliuminner earolfactory epitheliumretinaconnecting cilium |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nathalie Falk Marlene Lösl Nadja Schröder Andreas Gießl |
spellingShingle |
Nathalie Falk Marlene Lösl Nadja Schröder Andreas Gießl Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems Cells primary cilia intraflagellar transport kinocilium inner ear olfactory epithelium retina connecting cilium |
author_facet |
Nathalie Falk Marlene Lösl Nadja Schröder Andreas Gießl |
author_sort |
Nathalie Falk |
title |
Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems |
title_short |
Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems |
title_full |
Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems |
title_fullStr |
Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Specialized Cilia in Mammalian Sensory Systems |
title_sort |
specialized cilia in mammalian sensory systems |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cells |
issn |
2073-4409 |
publishDate |
2015-09-01 |
description |
Cilia and flagella are highly conserved and important microtubule-based organelles that project from the surface of eukaryotic cells and act as antennae to sense extracellular signals. Moreover, cilia have emerged as key players in numerous physiological, developmental, and sensory processes such as hearing, olfaction, and photoreception. Genetic defects in ciliary proteins responsible for cilia formation, maintenance, or function underlie a wide array of human diseases like deafness, anosmia, and retinal degeneration in sensory systems. Impairment of more than one sensory organ results in numerous syndromic ciliary disorders like the autosomal recessive genetic diseases Bardet-Biedl and Usher syndrome. Here we describe the structure and distinct functional roles of cilia in sensory organs like the inner ear, the olfactory epithelium, and the retina of the mouse. The spectrum of ciliary function in fundamental cellular processes highlights the importance of elucidating ciliopathy-related proteins in order to find novel potential therapies. |
topic |
primary cilia intraflagellar transport kinocilium inner ear olfactory epithelium retina connecting cilium |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/4/3/500 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT nathaliefalk specializedciliainmammaliansensorysystems AT marlenelosl specializedciliainmammaliansensorysystems AT nadjaschroder specializedciliainmammaliansensorysystems AT andreasgießl specializedciliainmammaliansensorysystems |
_version_ |
1725314951357136896 |