Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices

Exfoliated black phosphorus (bP) embedded into a polymer is preserved from oxidation, is stable to air, light, and humidity, and can be further processed into devices without degrading its properties. Most of the examples of exfoliated bP/polymer composites involve a single polymer matrix. Herein, w...

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Main Authors: Serena Coiai, Elisa Passaglia, Simone Pinna, Stefano Legnaioli, Silvia Borsacchi, Franco Dinelli, Anna Maria Ferretti, Maria Caporali, Manuel Serrano-Ruiz, Maurizio Peruzzini, Francesca Cicogna
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-08-01
Series:Nanomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/8/1996
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spelling doaj-e0d62eae6833456fa9c298a480f8b4002021-08-26T14:09:07ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-08-01111996199610.3390/nano11081996Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer MatricesSerena Coiai0Elisa Passaglia1Simone Pinna2Stefano Legnaioli3Silvia Borsacchi4Franco Dinelli5Anna Maria Ferretti6Maria Caporali7Manuel Serrano-Ruiz8Maurizio Peruzzini9Francesca Cicogna10CNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR-INO, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyCNR-SCITEC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milano, ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), ItalyCNR-ICCOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyExfoliated black phosphorus (bP) embedded into a polymer is preserved from oxidation, is stable to air, light, and humidity, and can be further processed into devices without degrading its properties. Most of the examples of exfoliated bP/polymer composites involve a single polymer matrix. Herein, we report the preparation of biphasic polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (50/50 wt.%) composites containing few-layer black phosphorus (fl-bP) (0.6–1 wt.%) produced by sonicated-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the integrity of fl-bP, while scanning electron microscopy evidenced the influence of fl-bP into the coalescence of polymeric phases. Furthermore, the topography of thin films analyzed by atomic force microscopy confirmed the effect of fl-bP into the PS dewetting, and the selective PS etching of thin films revealed the presence of fl-bP flakes. Finally, a block copolymer/fl-bP composite (1.2 wt.%) was prepared via in situ reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization by sonication-assisted exfoliation of bP into styrene. For this sample, <sup>31</sup>P solid-state NMR and Raman spectroscopy confirmed an excellent preservation of bP structure.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/8/1996few-layer black phosphoruspolymer blend compositesin situ RAFT polymerizationmorphology
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Serena Coiai
Elisa Passaglia
Simone Pinna
Stefano Legnaioli
Silvia Borsacchi
Franco Dinelli
Anna Maria Ferretti
Maria Caporali
Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
Maurizio Peruzzini
Francesca Cicogna
spellingShingle Serena Coiai
Elisa Passaglia
Simone Pinna
Stefano Legnaioli
Silvia Borsacchi
Franco Dinelli
Anna Maria Ferretti
Maria Caporali
Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
Maurizio Peruzzini
Francesca Cicogna
Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices
Nanomaterials
few-layer black phosphorus
polymer blend composites
in situ RAFT polymerization
morphology
author_facet Serena Coiai
Elisa Passaglia
Simone Pinna
Stefano Legnaioli
Silvia Borsacchi
Franco Dinelli
Anna Maria Ferretti
Maria Caporali
Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
Maurizio Peruzzini
Francesca Cicogna
author_sort Serena Coiai
title Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices
title_short Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices
title_full Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices
title_fullStr Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices
title_full_unstemmed Dispersion of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus in Binary Polymer Blend and Block Copolymer Matrices
title_sort dispersion of few-layer black phosphorus in binary polymer blend and block copolymer matrices
publisher MDPI AG
series Nanomaterials
issn 2079-4991
publishDate 2021-08-01
description Exfoliated black phosphorus (bP) embedded into a polymer is preserved from oxidation, is stable to air, light, and humidity, and can be further processed into devices without degrading its properties. Most of the examples of exfoliated bP/polymer composites involve a single polymer matrix. Herein, we report the preparation of biphasic polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (50/50 wt.%) composites containing few-layer black phosphorus (fl-bP) (0.6–1 wt.%) produced by sonicated-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the integrity of fl-bP, while scanning electron microscopy evidenced the influence of fl-bP into the coalescence of polymeric phases. Furthermore, the topography of thin films analyzed by atomic force microscopy confirmed the effect of fl-bP into the PS dewetting, and the selective PS etching of thin films revealed the presence of fl-bP flakes. Finally, a block copolymer/fl-bP composite (1.2 wt.%) was prepared via in situ reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization by sonication-assisted exfoliation of bP into styrene. For this sample, <sup>31</sup>P solid-state NMR and Raman spectroscopy confirmed an excellent preservation of bP structure.
topic few-layer black phosphorus
polymer blend composites
in situ RAFT polymerization
morphology
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/8/1996
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