From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics

This paper focuses on the current state of art as well as on future trends in electrochemical aptasensors application in medical diagnostics. The origin of aptamers is presented along with the description of the process known as SELEX. This is followed by the description of the broad spectrum of apt...

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Main Authors:	Robert Ziółkowski, Marta Jarczewska, Łukasz Górski, Elżbieta Malinowska
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2021-01-01
Series:	Sensors
Subjects:	aptasensors electrochemistry medical diagnostics SELEX metal cations cancer biomarkers
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/724

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spelling	doaj-e1eaf7853eab4145a18d2710c18127c62021-01-22T00:06:29ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-01-012172472410.3390/s21030724From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical DiagnosticsRobert Ziółkowski0Marta Jarczewska1Łukasz Górski2Elżbieta Malinowska3Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, PolandThis paper focuses on the current state of art as well as on future trends in electrochemical aptasensors application in medical diagnostics. The origin of aptamers is presented along with the description of the process known as SELEX. This is followed by the description of the broad spectrum of aptamer-based sensors for the electrochemical detection of various diagnostically relevant analytes, including metal cations, abused drugs, neurotransmitters, cancer, cardiac and coagulation biomarkers, circulating tumor cells, and viruses. We described also possible future perspectives of aptasensors development. This concerns (i) the approaches to lowering the detection limit and improvement of the electrochemical aptasensors selectivity by application of the hybrid aptamer–antibody receptor layers and/or nanomaterials; and (ii) electrochemical aptasensors integration with more advanced microfluidic devices as user-friendly medical instruments for medical diagnostic of the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/724aptasensorselectrochemistrymedical diagnosticsSELEXmetal cationscancer biomarkers
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Robert Ziółkowski Marta Jarczewska Łukasz Górski Elżbieta Malinowska
spellingShingle	Robert Ziółkowski Marta Jarczewska Łukasz Górski Elżbieta Malinowska From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics Sensors aptasensors electrochemistry medical diagnostics SELEX metal cations cancer biomarkers
author_facet	Robert Ziółkowski Marta Jarczewska Łukasz Górski Elżbieta Malinowska
author_sort	Robert Ziółkowski
title	From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics
title_short	From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics
title_full	From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics
title_fullStr	From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics
title_full_unstemmed	From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics
title_sort	from small molecules toward whole cells detection: application of electrochemical aptasensors in modern medical diagnostics
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Sensors
issn	1424-8220
publishDate	2021-01-01
description	This paper focuses on the current state of art as well as on future trends in electrochemical aptasensors application in medical diagnostics. The origin of aptamers is presented along with the description of the process known as SELEX. This is followed by the description of the broad spectrum of aptamer-based sensors for the electrochemical detection of various diagnostically relevant analytes, including metal cations, abused drugs, neurotransmitters, cancer, cardiac and coagulation biomarkers, circulating tumor cells, and viruses. We described also possible future perspectives of aptasensors development. This concerns (i) the approaches to lowering the detection limit and improvement of the electrochemical aptasensors selectivity by application of the hybrid aptamer–antibody receptor layers and/or nanomaterials; and (ii) electrochemical aptasensors integration with more advanced microfluidic devices as user-friendly medical instruments for medical diagnostic of the future.
topic	aptasensors electrochemistry medical diagnostics SELEX metal cations cancer biomarkers
url	https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/724
work_keys_str_mv	AT robertziołkowski fromsmallmoleculestowardwholecellsdetectionapplicationofelectrochemicalaptasensorsinmodernmedicaldiagnostics AT martajarczewska fromsmallmoleculestowardwholecellsdetectionapplicationofelectrochemicalaptasensorsinmodernmedicaldiagnostics AT łukaszgorski fromsmallmoleculestowardwholecellsdetectionapplicationofelectrochemicalaptasensorsinmodernmedicaldiagnostics AT elzbietamalinowska fromsmallmoleculestowardwholecellsdetectionapplicationofelectrochemicalaptasensorsinmodernmedicaldiagnostics
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From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics

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