Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity
Evidence on the association between various dietary constructs and obesity risk is limited. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between different diet indices and dietary patterns with the risk of obesity. Non-obese participants (<i>n</i> = 787) in the North West...
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doaj-e43d10ca138f414fb0ac24173480552d2021-05-31T23:04:34ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-05-01131536153610.3390/nu13051536Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of ObesityYoko B. Wang0Nitin Shivappa1James R. Hébert2Amanda J. Page3Tiffany K. Gill4Yohannes Adama Melaku5Vagal Afferent Research Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USACancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USAVagal Afferent Research Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaAdelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaNutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaEvidence on the association between various dietary constructs and obesity risk is limited. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between different diet indices and dietary patterns with the risk of obesity. Non-obese participants (<i>n</i> = 787) in the North West Adelaide Health Study were followed from 2010 to 2015. The dietary inflammatory index (DII<sup>®</sup>), plant-based dietary index (PDI) and factor-derived dietary pattern scores were computed based on food frequency questionnaire data. We found the incidence of obesity was 7.62% at the 5-year follow up. In the adjusted model, results from multivariable log-binomial logistic regression showed that a prudent dietary pattern (RR<sub>Q5</sub> vs. <sub>Q1</sub> = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15–0.96), healthy PDI (RR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.12–0.77) and overall PDI (RR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.23–1.33) were inversely associated with obesity risk. Conversely, the DII (RR = 1.59; 95% CI: 0.72–3.50), a Western dietary pattern (RR = 2.16; 95% CI: 0.76–6.08) and unhealthy PDI (RR = 1.94; 95% CI: 0.81–4.66) were associated with increased risk of obesity. Based on the cubic spline analysis, the association between an unhealthy PDI or diet quality with the risk of obesity was non-linear. In conclusion, an anti-inflammatory diet, healthy diet or consumption of healthy plant-based foods were all associated with a lower risk of developing obesity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1536dietary inflammatory indexdietary patternplant-based dietdiet qualityobesityprospective study |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yoko B. Wang Nitin Shivappa James R. Hébert Amanda J. Page Tiffany K. Gill Yohannes Adama Melaku |
spellingShingle |
Yoko B. Wang Nitin Shivappa James R. Hébert Amanda J. Page Tiffany K. Gill Yohannes Adama Melaku Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity Nutrients dietary inflammatory index dietary pattern plant-based diet diet quality obesity prospective study |
author_facet |
Yoko B. Wang Nitin Shivappa James R. Hébert Amanda J. Page Tiffany K. Gill Yohannes Adama Melaku |
author_sort |
Yoko B. Wang |
title |
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity |
title_short |
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity |
title_full |
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity |
title_fullStr |
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index, Dietary Patterns, Plant-Based Dietary Index and the Risk of Obesity |
title_sort |
association between dietary inflammatory index, dietary patterns, plant-based dietary index and the risk of obesity |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Evidence on the association between various dietary constructs and obesity risk is limited. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between different diet indices and dietary patterns with the risk of obesity. Non-obese participants (<i>n</i> = 787) in the North West Adelaide Health Study were followed from 2010 to 2015. The dietary inflammatory index (DII<sup>®</sup>), plant-based dietary index (PDI) and factor-derived dietary pattern scores were computed based on food frequency questionnaire data. We found the incidence of obesity was 7.62% at the 5-year follow up. In the adjusted model, results from multivariable log-binomial logistic regression showed that a prudent dietary pattern (RR<sub>Q5</sub> vs. <sub>Q1</sub> = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15–0.96), healthy PDI (RR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.12–0.77) and overall PDI (RR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.23–1.33) were inversely associated with obesity risk. Conversely, the DII (RR = 1.59; 95% CI: 0.72–3.50), a Western dietary pattern (RR = 2.16; 95% CI: 0.76–6.08) and unhealthy PDI (RR = 1.94; 95% CI: 0.81–4.66) were associated with increased risk of obesity. Based on the cubic spline analysis, the association between an unhealthy PDI or diet quality with the risk of obesity was non-linear. In conclusion, an anti-inflammatory diet, healthy diet or consumption of healthy plant-based foods were all associated with a lower risk of developing obesity. |
topic |
dietary inflammatory index dietary pattern plant-based diet diet quality obesity prospective study |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1536 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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