Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors
The design of flexible sensors which can be incorporated in textile structures is of decisive importance for the future development of wearables. In addition to their technical functionality, the materials chosen to construct the sensor should be nontoxic, affordable, and compatible with future recy...
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doaj-ebf9b24007254028bee7277fe0a440d22020-11-25T04:09:45ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-11-01135150515010.3390/ma13225150Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure SensorsJulia Ullrich0Martin Eisenreich1Yvonne Zimmermann2Dominik Mayer3Nina Koehne4Jacqueline F. Tschannett5Amalid Mahmud-Ali6Thomas Bechtold7Textilforschungsinstitut Thüringen-Vogtland e.V., Zeulenrodaer Straße 42, D-07973 Greiz, GermanyTextilforschungsinstitut Thüringen-Vogtland e.V., Zeulenrodaer Straße 42, D-07973 Greiz, GermanyTextilforschungsinstitut Thüringen-Vogtland e.V., Zeulenrodaer Straße 42, D-07973 Greiz, GermanyKelheim Fibres GmbH, Regensburger Straße 109, D-93309 Kelheim, GermanyKelheim Fibres GmbH, Regensburger Straße 109, D-93309 Kelheim, GermanyResearch Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Hoechsterstraße 73, A-6850 Dornbirn, AustriaResearch Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Hoechsterstraße 73, A-6850 Dornbirn, AustriaResearch Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Hoechsterstraße 73, A-6850 Dornbirn, AustriaThe design of flexible sensors which can be incorporated in textile structures is of decisive importance for the future development of wearables. In addition to their technical functionality, the materials chosen to construct the sensor should be nontoxic, affordable, and compatible with future recycling. Conductive fibres were produced by incorporation of carbon black into regenerated cellulose fibres. By incorporation of 23 wt.% and 27 wt.% carbon black, the surface resistance of the fibres reduced from 1.3 × 10<sup>10</sup> Ω·cm for standard viscose fibres to 2.7 × 10<sup>3</sup> and 475 Ω·cm, respectively. Fibre tenacity reduced to 30–50% of a standard viscose; however, it was sufficient to allow processing of the material in standard textile operations. A fibre blend of the conductive viscose fibres with polyester fibres was used to produce a needle-punched nonwoven material with piezo-electric properties, which was used as a pressure sensor in the very low pressure range of 400–1000 Pa. The durability of the sensor was demonstrated in repetitive load/relaxation cycles. As a regenerated cellulose fibre, the carbon-black-incorporated cellulose fibre is compatible with standard textile processing operations and, thus, will be of high interest as a functional element in future wearables.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/22/5150conductive fibrescellulose fibrespressure sensorsmart textilesviscose fibrescarbon black |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Julia Ullrich Martin Eisenreich Yvonne Zimmermann Dominik Mayer Nina Koehne Jacqueline F. Tschannett Amalid Mahmud-Ali Thomas Bechtold |
spellingShingle |
Julia Ullrich Martin Eisenreich Yvonne Zimmermann Dominik Mayer Nina Koehne Jacqueline F. Tschannett Amalid Mahmud-Ali Thomas Bechtold Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors Materials conductive fibres cellulose fibres pressure sensor smart textiles viscose fibres carbon black |
author_facet |
Julia Ullrich Martin Eisenreich Yvonne Zimmermann Dominik Mayer Nina Koehne Jacqueline F. Tschannett Amalid Mahmud-Ali Thomas Bechtold |
author_sort |
Julia Ullrich |
title |
Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors |
title_short |
Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors |
title_full |
Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors |
title_fullStr |
Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors |
title_sort |
piezo-sensitive fabrics from carbon black containing conductive cellulose fibres for flexible pressure sensors |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
The design of flexible sensors which can be incorporated in textile structures is of decisive importance for the future development of wearables. In addition to their technical functionality, the materials chosen to construct the sensor should be nontoxic, affordable, and compatible with future recycling. Conductive fibres were produced by incorporation of carbon black into regenerated cellulose fibres. By incorporation of 23 wt.% and 27 wt.% carbon black, the surface resistance of the fibres reduced from 1.3 × 10<sup>10</sup> Ω·cm for standard viscose fibres to 2.7 × 10<sup>3</sup> and 475 Ω·cm, respectively. Fibre tenacity reduced to 30–50% of a standard viscose; however, it was sufficient to allow processing of the material in standard textile operations. A fibre blend of the conductive viscose fibres with polyester fibres was used to produce a needle-punched nonwoven material with piezo-electric properties, which was used as a pressure sensor in the very low pressure range of 400–1000 Pa. The durability of the sensor was demonstrated in repetitive load/relaxation cycles. As a regenerated cellulose fibre, the carbon-black-incorporated cellulose fibre is compatible with standard textile processing operations and, thus, will be of high interest as a functional element in future wearables. |
topic |
conductive fibres cellulose fibres pressure sensor smart textiles viscose fibres carbon black |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/22/5150 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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