Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan
Rear-edge populations are of significant scientific interest because they can contain allelic variation not found in core-range populations. However, such populations can differ in their level of genetic diversity and divergence reflecting variation in life-history traits, demographic histories and...
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doaj-f08df8e24fee46788372eedded9fb5072021-04-28T23:06:50ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182021-04-011318518510.3390/d13050185Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest JapanJames R. P. Worth0Ichiro Tamaki1Ikutaro Tsuyama2Peter A. Harrison3Kyoko Sugai4Hitoshi Sakio5Mineaki Aizawa6Satoshi Kikuchi7Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba 305-8687, JapanGifu Academy of Forest Science and Culture, Sodai, Mino, Gifu 501-3714, JapanHokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062-8516, JapanSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS 7001, AustraliaInstitute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, Matsue 690-8504, JapanSado Island Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Niigata 952-0103, JapanDepartment of Forest Science, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, JapanHokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo 062-8516, JapanRear-edge populations are of significant scientific interest because they can contain allelic variation not found in core-range populations. However, such populations can differ in their level of genetic diversity and divergence reflecting variation in life-history traits, demographic histories and human impacts. Using 13 EST-microsatellites, we investigated the genetic diversity and differentiation of rear-edge populations of the Japanese endemic conifer <i>Thuja standishii </i>(Gordon) Carr. in southwest Japan from the core-range in northeast Japan. Range-wide genetic differentiation was moderate (<i>Fst</i> = 0.087), with northeast populations weakly differentiated (<i>Fst</i> = 0.047), but harboring high genetic diversity (average population-level <i>Ar</i> = 4.76 and<i> Ho </i>= 0.59). In contrast, rear-edge populations were genetically diverged (<i>Fst</i> = 0.168), but contained few unique alleles with lower genetic diversity (<i>Ar</i> = 3.73, <i>Ho</i> = 0.49). The divergence between rear-edge populations exceeding levels observed in the core-range and results from ABC analysis and species distribution modelling suggest that these populations are most likely relicts of the Last Glacial Maximum. However, despite long term persistence, low effective population size, low migration between populations and genetic drift have worked to promote the genetic differentiation of southwest Japan populations of <i>T. standishii</i> without the accumulation of unique alleles.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/5/185approximate Bayesian computationcentral-marginal hypothesisgene-flowgenetic driftJapanese endemic coniferleading edge |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
James R. P. Worth Ichiro Tamaki Ikutaro Tsuyama Peter A. Harrison Kyoko Sugai Hitoshi Sakio Mineaki Aizawa Satoshi Kikuchi |
spellingShingle |
James R. P. Worth Ichiro Tamaki Ikutaro Tsuyama Peter A. Harrison Kyoko Sugai Hitoshi Sakio Mineaki Aizawa Satoshi Kikuchi Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan Diversity approximate Bayesian computation central-marginal hypothesis gene-flow genetic drift Japanese endemic conifer leading edge |
author_facet |
James R. P. Worth Ichiro Tamaki Ikutaro Tsuyama Peter A. Harrison Kyoko Sugai Hitoshi Sakio Mineaki Aizawa Satoshi Kikuchi |
author_sort |
James R. P. Worth |
title |
Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan |
title_short |
Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan |
title_full |
Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan |
title_fullStr |
Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge <i>Thuja Standishii</i> (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan |
title_sort |
genetic distinctiveness but low diversity characterizes rear-edge <i>thuja standishii</i> (gordon) carr. (cupressaceae) populations in southwest japan |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Diversity |
issn |
1424-2818 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Rear-edge populations are of significant scientific interest because they can contain allelic variation not found in core-range populations. However, such populations can differ in their level of genetic diversity and divergence reflecting variation in life-history traits, demographic histories and human impacts. Using 13 EST-microsatellites, we investigated the genetic diversity and differentiation of rear-edge populations of the Japanese endemic conifer <i>Thuja standishii </i>(Gordon) Carr. in southwest Japan from the core-range in northeast Japan. Range-wide genetic differentiation was moderate (<i>Fst</i> = 0.087), with northeast populations weakly differentiated (<i>Fst</i> = 0.047), but harboring high genetic diversity (average population-level <i>Ar</i> = 4.76 and<i> Ho </i>= 0.59). In contrast, rear-edge populations were genetically diverged (<i>Fst</i> = 0.168), but contained few unique alleles with lower genetic diversity (<i>Ar</i> = 3.73, <i>Ho</i> = 0.49). The divergence between rear-edge populations exceeding levels observed in the core-range and results from ABC analysis and species distribution modelling suggest that these populations are most likely relicts of the Last Glacial Maximum. However, despite long term persistence, low effective population size, low migration between populations and genetic drift have worked to promote the genetic differentiation of southwest Japan populations of <i>T. standishii</i> without the accumulation of unique alleles. |
topic |
approximate Bayesian computation central-marginal hypothesis gene-flow genetic drift Japanese endemic conifer leading edge |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/5/185 |
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