Classification of Full Text Biomedical Documents: Sections Importance Assessment

• Main Authors: Carlos Adriano Oliveira Gonçalves, Rui Camacho, Célia Talma Gonçalves, Adrián Seara Vieira, Lourdes Borrajo Diz, Eva Lorenzo Iglesias
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-03-01
• Series: Applied Sciences
• Subjects: full text classification; preprocessing techniques; section weighing scheme; information retrieval
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/6/2674

The exponential growth of documents in the web makes it very hard for researchers to be aware of the relevant work being done within the scientific community. The task of efficiently retrieving information has therefore become an important research topic. The objective of this study is to test how the efficiency of the text classification changes if different weights are previously assigned to the sections that compose the documents. The proposal takes into account the place (section) where terms are located in the document, and each section has a weight that can be modified depending on the corpus. To carry out the study, an extended version of the OHSUMED corpus with full documents have been created. Through the use of WEKA, we compared the use of abstracts only with that of full texts, as well as the use of section weighing combinations to assess their significance in the scientific article classification process using the SMO (Sequential Minimal Optimization), the WEKA Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm implementation. The experimental results show that the proposed combinations of the preprocessing techniques and feature selection achieve promising results for the task of full text scientific document classification. We also have evidence to conclude that enriched datasets with text from certain sections achieve better results than using only titles and abstracts.