Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam

Stigmatization against HIV/AIDS greatly hinders efforts to increase the accessibility and utilization of HIV/AIDS services to meet the 90-90-90 goal. This study assessed the stigmatization and discrimination experienced by people living with HIV (PLWH) across multiple social settings such as family,...

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Main Authors: Bach Xuan Tran, Phung Quoc Tat Than, Tung Thanh Tran, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Carl A. Latkin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2019-01-01
Series:BioMed Research International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4208638
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spelling doaj-f167c8e736674cf1a557a5d9b16c4e872020-11-24T21:07:51ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412019-01-01201910.1155/2019/42086384208638Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in VietnamBach Xuan Tran0Phung Quoc Tat Than1Tung Thanh Tran2Cuong Tat Nguyen3Carl A. Latkin4Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, VietnamInstitute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, VietnamCenter of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamInstitute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, VietnamBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USAStigmatization against HIV/AIDS greatly hinders efforts to increase the accessibility and utilization of HIV/AIDS services to meet the 90-90-90 goal. This study assessed the stigmatization and discrimination experienced by people living with HIV (PLWH) across multiple social settings such as family, community, and healthcare facilities in Vietnam. A total of 1,016 patients (63.8% males, mean age = 35.4) participated in a cross-sectional study using a culturally tailored HIV stigma measure in three HIV-epidemic-concentrated cities in Vietnam. Zero-inflated Poisson models were used to examine factors associated with the number of types of stigma that patients experienced. 86.2% PLWH reported experiencing stigma against HIV/AIDS, more frequently from their community (62.8%) and family (30.2%) than from health care facilities (8%). The level of stigma from community reported by PLWH is associated with socioeconomic status (e.g., income, occupation). The poor and middle economic classes and unemployed patients reported more stigmatization and discrimination from the community. Across all settings, PLWH experienced fewer stigmatization over the course of ART indicating the benefits of rapidly expanded ART programs. PLWH reported more stigmatization and discrimination at the provincial level of the health administration. Those with the history of drug injection reported significantly less stigmatization from healthcare setting. More culturally tailored interventions to reduce stigmatization overall to improve the quality of life and health outcomes of PLWH should be warranted to achieve the 90-90-90 goal. Improving HIV-related knowledge of the general population and providing opportunities for PLWH to be reintegrated into should be considered. Using mass media with positive messages and images would also foster positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the population and could potentially change social values. Continuous training of health staffs’ attitude could minimize the occurrence of stigmatization and discrimination at healthcare facilities.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4208638
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Bach Xuan Tran
Phung Quoc Tat Than
Tung Thanh Tran
Cuong Tat Nguyen
Carl A. Latkin
spellingShingle Bach Xuan Tran
Phung Quoc Tat Than
Tung Thanh Tran
Cuong Tat Nguyen
Carl A. Latkin
Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam
BioMed Research International
author_facet Bach Xuan Tran
Phung Quoc Tat Than
Tung Thanh Tran
Cuong Tat Nguyen
Carl A. Latkin
author_sort Bach Xuan Tran
title Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam
title_short Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam
title_full Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam
title_fullStr Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam
title_full_unstemmed Changing Sources of Stigma against Patients with HIV/AIDS in the Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Vietnam
title_sort changing sources of stigma against patients with hiv/aids in the rapid expansion of antiretroviral treatment services in vietnam
publisher Hindawi Limited
series BioMed Research International
issn 2314-6133
2314-6141
publishDate 2019-01-01
description Stigmatization against HIV/AIDS greatly hinders efforts to increase the accessibility and utilization of HIV/AIDS services to meet the 90-90-90 goal. This study assessed the stigmatization and discrimination experienced by people living with HIV (PLWH) across multiple social settings such as family, community, and healthcare facilities in Vietnam. A total of 1,016 patients (63.8% males, mean age = 35.4) participated in a cross-sectional study using a culturally tailored HIV stigma measure in three HIV-epidemic-concentrated cities in Vietnam. Zero-inflated Poisson models were used to examine factors associated with the number of types of stigma that patients experienced. 86.2% PLWH reported experiencing stigma against HIV/AIDS, more frequently from their community (62.8%) and family (30.2%) than from health care facilities (8%). The level of stigma from community reported by PLWH is associated with socioeconomic status (e.g., income, occupation). The poor and middle economic classes and unemployed patients reported more stigmatization and discrimination from the community. Across all settings, PLWH experienced fewer stigmatization over the course of ART indicating the benefits of rapidly expanded ART programs. PLWH reported more stigmatization and discrimination at the provincial level of the health administration. Those with the history of drug injection reported significantly less stigmatization from healthcare setting. More culturally tailored interventions to reduce stigmatization overall to improve the quality of life and health outcomes of PLWH should be warranted to achieve the 90-90-90 goal. Improving HIV-related knowledge of the general population and providing opportunities for PLWH to be reintegrated into should be considered. Using mass media with positive messages and images would also foster positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the population and could potentially change social values. Continuous training of health staffs’ attitude could minimize the occurrence of stigmatization and discrimination at healthcare facilities.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4208638
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