Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells

Opportunistic human pathogenic fungi including the saprotrophic mold Aspergillus fumigatus and the human commensal Candida albicans can cause severe fungal infections in immunocompromised or critically ill patients. The first line of defense against opportunistic fungal pathogens is the innate immun...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thomas Krüger, Ting Luo, Hella Schmidt, Iordana Shopova, Olaf Kniemeyer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2015-12-01
Series:Proteomes
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2227-7382/3/4/467
id doaj-f55d8df8eb794d75a1623e63b733879d
record_format Article
spelling doaj-f55d8df8eb794d75a1623e63b733879d2020-11-25T00:37:15ZengMDPI AGProteomes2227-73822015-12-013446749510.3390/proteomes3040467proteomes3040467Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune CellsThomas Krüger0Ting Luo1Hella Schmidt2Iordana Shopova3Olaf Kniemeyer4Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, GermanyOpportunistic human pathogenic fungi including the saprotrophic mold Aspergillus fumigatus and the human commensal Candida albicans can cause severe fungal infections in immunocompromised or critically ill patients. The first line of defense against opportunistic fungal pathogens is the innate immune system. Phagocytes such as macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells are an important pillar of the innate immune response and have evolved versatile defense strategies against microbial pathogens. On the other hand, human-pathogenic fungi have sophisticated virulence strategies to counteract the innate immune defense. In this context, proteomic approaches can provide deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of the interaction of host immune cells with fungal pathogens. This is crucial for the identification of both diagnostic biomarkers for fungal infections and therapeutic targets. Studying host-fungal interactions at the protein level is a challenging endeavor, yet there are few studies that have been undertaken. This review draws attention to proteomic techniques and their application to fungal pathogens and to challenges, difficulties, and limitations that may arise in the course of simultaneous dual proteome analysis of host immune cells interacting with diverse morphotypes of fungal pathogens. On this basis, we discuss strategies to overcome these multifaceted experimental and analytical challenges including the viability of immune cells during co-cultivation, the increased and heterogeneous protein complexity of the host proteome dynamically interacting with the fungal proteome, and the demands on normalization strategies in terms of relative quantitative proteome analysis.http://www.mdpi.com/2227-7382/3/4/467host-pathogen interactionAspergillus fumigatusCandida albicansfungal infectionsmass spectrometryimmunoproteomicsneutrophilsmacrophagesphagolysosome
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Thomas Krüger
Ting Luo
Hella Schmidt
Iordana Shopova
Olaf Kniemeyer
spellingShingle Thomas Krüger
Ting Luo
Hella Schmidt
Iordana Shopova
Olaf Kniemeyer
Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells
Proteomes
host-pathogen interaction
Aspergillus fumigatus
Candida albicans
fungal infections
mass spectrometry
immunoproteomics
neutrophils
macrophages
phagolysosome
author_facet Thomas Krüger
Ting Luo
Hella Schmidt
Iordana Shopova
Olaf Kniemeyer
author_sort Thomas Krüger
title Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells
title_short Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells
title_full Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells
title_fullStr Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells
title_full_unstemmed Challenges and Strategies for Proteome Analysis of the Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi with Host Immune Cells
title_sort challenges and strategies for proteome analysis of the interaction of human pathogenic fungi with host immune cells
publisher MDPI AG
series Proteomes
issn 2227-7382
publishDate 2015-12-01
description Opportunistic human pathogenic fungi including the saprotrophic mold Aspergillus fumigatus and the human commensal Candida albicans can cause severe fungal infections in immunocompromised or critically ill patients. The first line of defense against opportunistic fungal pathogens is the innate immune system. Phagocytes such as macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells are an important pillar of the innate immune response and have evolved versatile defense strategies against microbial pathogens. On the other hand, human-pathogenic fungi have sophisticated virulence strategies to counteract the innate immune defense. In this context, proteomic approaches can provide deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of the interaction of host immune cells with fungal pathogens. This is crucial for the identification of both diagnostic biomarkers for fungal infections and therapeutic targets. Studying host-fungal interactions at the protein level is a challenging endeavor, yet there are few studies that have been undertaken. This review draws attention to proteomic techniques and their application to fungal pathogens and to challenges, difficulties, and limitations that may arise in the course of simultaneous dual proteome analysis of host immune cells interacting with diverse morphotypes of fungal pathogens. On this basis, we discuss strategies to overcome these multifaceted experimental and analytical challenges including the viability of immune cells during co-cultivation, the increased and heterogeneous protein complexity of the host proteome dynamically interacting with the fungal proteome, and the demands on normalization strategies in terms of relative quantitative proteome analysis.
topic host-pathogen interaction
Aspergillus fumigatus
Candida albicans
fungal infections
mass spectrometry
immunoproteomics
neutrophils
macrophages
phagolysosome
url http://www.mdpi.com/2227-7382/3/4/467
work_keys_str_mv AT thomaskruger challengesandstrategiesforproteomeanalysisoftheinteractionofhumanpathogenicfungiwithhostimmunecells
AT tingluo challengesandstrategiesforproteomeanalysisoftheinteractionofhumanpathogenicfungiwithhostimmunecells
AT hellaschmidt challengesandstrategiesforproteomeanalysisoftheinteractionofhumanpathogenicfungiwithhostimmunecells
AT iordanashopova challengesandstrategiesforproteomeanalysisoftheinteractionofhumanpathogenicfungiwithhostimmunecells
AT olafkniemeyer challengesandstrategiesforproteomeanalysisoftheinteractionofhumanpathogenicfungiwithhostimmunecells
_version_ 1725301689097912320