The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) can cause a wide variety of cancers upon infection of different cell types and induces a highly variable composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This TME consists of both innate and adaptive immune cells and is not merely an aspecific reaction to the t...

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Main Authors:	Geok Wee Tan, Lydia Visser, Lu Ping Tan, Anke van den Berg, Arjan Diepstra
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2018-04-01
Series:	Pathogens
Subjects:	Epstein-Barr virus tumor microenvironment Hodgkin lymphoma undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma gastric carcinoma immune escape susceptibility
Online Access:	http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/7/2/40

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spelling	doaj-f835057de35543a5b2d17ac7c3169b432020-11-24T21:20:52ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172018-04-01724010.3390/pathogens7020040pathogens7020040The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated MalignanciesGeok Wee Tan0Lydia Visser1Lu Ping Tan2Anke van den Berg3Arjan Diepstra4Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, code EA10, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The NetherlandsMolecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, code EA10, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, code EA10, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The NetherlandsThe Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) can cause a wide variety of cancers upon infection of different cell types and induces a highly variable composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This TME consists of both innate and adaptive immune cells and is not merely an aspecific reaction to the tumor cells. In fact, latent EBV-infected tumor cells utilize several specific mechanisms to form and shape the TME to their own benefit. These mechanisms have been studied largely in the context of EBV+ Hodgkin lymphoma, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and EBV+ gastric cancer. This review describes the composition, immune escape mechanisms, and tumor cell promoting properties of the TME in these three malignancies. Mechanisms of susceptibility which regularly involve genes related to immune system function are also discussed, as only a small proportion of EBV-infected individuals develops an EBV-associated malignancy.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/7/2/40Epstein-Barr virustumor microenvironmentHodgkin lymphomaundifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomagastric carcinomaimmune escapesusceptibility
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Geok Wee Tan Lydia Visser Lu Ping Tan Anke van den Berg Arjan Diepstra
spellingShingle	Geok Wee Tan Lydia Visser Lu Ping Tan Anke van den Berg Arjan Diepstra The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies Pathogens Epstein-Barr virus tumor microenvironment Hodgkin lymphoma undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma gastric carcinoma immune escape susceptibility
author_facet	Geok Wee Tan Lydia Visser Lu Ping Tan Anke van den Berg Arjan Diepstra
author_sort	Geok Wee Tan
title	The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies
title_short	The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies
title_full	The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies
title_fullStr	The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies
title_full_unstemmed	The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies
title_sort	microenvironment in epstein–barr virus-associated malignancies
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Pathogens
issn	2076-0817
publishDate	2018-04-01
description	The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) can cause a wide variety of cancers upon infection of different cell types and induces a highly variable composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This TME consists of both innate and adaptive immune cells and is not merely an aspecific reaction to the tumor cells. In fact, latent EBV-infected tumor cells utilize several specific mechanisms to form and shape the TME to their own benefit. These mechanisms have been studied largely in the context of EBV+ Hodgkin lymphoma, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and EBV+ gastric cancer. This review describes the composition, immune escape mechanisms, and tumor cell promoting properties of the TME in these three malignancies. Mechanisms of susceptibility which regularly involve genes related to immune system function are also discussed, as only a small proportion of EBV-infected individuals develops an EBV-associated malignancy.
topic	Epstein-Barr virus tumor microenvironment Hodgkin lymphoma undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma gastric carcinoma immune escape susceptibility
url	http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/7/2/40
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The Microenvironment in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies

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