Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light
Light is an important cue that stimulates both plastid development and biosynthesis of carotenoids in plants. During photomorphogenesis or de-etiolation, photoreceptors are activated and molecular factors for carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis are induced thereof. In fruits, light is absorbed b...
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doaj-f93ff68b2ffc4efe8a61e632c4cf4c6e2021-01-27T00:00:15ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-01221184118410.3390/ijms22031184Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of LightRocio Quian-Ulloa0Claudia Stange1Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, ChileDepartamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, ChileLight is an important cue that stimulates both plastid development and biosynthesis of carotenoids in plants. During photomorphogenesis or de-etiolation, photoreceptors are activated and molecular factors for carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis are induced thereof. In fruits, light is absorbed by <i>chloroplasts</i> in the early stages of ripening, which allows a gradual synthesis of carotenoids in the peel and pulp with the onset of chromoplasts’ development. In roots, only a fraction of light reaches this tissue, which is not required for carotenoid synthesis, but it is essential for root development. When exposed to light, roots start greening due to chloroplast development. However, the colored taproot of carrot grown underground presents a high carotenoid accumulation together with chromoplast development, similar to citrus fruits during ripening. Interestingly, total carotenoid levels decrease in carrots roots when illuminated and develop chloroplasts, similar to normal roots exposed to light. The recent findings of the effect of light quality upon the induction of molecular factors involved in carotenoid synthesis in leaves, fruit, and roots are discussed, aiming to propose consensus mechanisms in order to contribute to the understanding of carotenoid synthesis regulation by light in plants.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1184carotenoidsphotoreceptorschloroplastschromoplastslight signaling |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rocio Quian-Ulloa Claudia Stange |
spellingShingle |
Rocio Quian-Ulloa Claudia Stange Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light International Journal of Molecular Sciences carotenoids photoreceptors chloroplasts chromoplasts light signaling |
author_facet |
Rocio Quian-Ulloa Claudia Stange |
author_sort |
Rocio Quian-Ulloa |
title |
Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light |
title_short |
Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light |
title_full |
Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light |
title_fullStr |
Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light |
title_sort |
carotenoid biosynthesis and plastid development in plants: the role of light |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Light is an important cue that stimulates both plastid development and biosynthesis of carotenoids in plants. During photomorphogenesis or de-etiolation, photoreceptors are activated and molecular factors for carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis are induced thereof. In fruits, light is absorbed by <i>chloroplasts</i> in the early stages of ripening, which allows a gradual synthesis of carotenoids in the peel and pulp with the onset of chromoplasts’ development. In roots, only a fraction of light reaches this tissue, which is not required for carotenoid synthesis, but it is essential for root development. When exposed to light, roots start greening due to chloroplast development. However, the colored taproot of carrot grown underground presents a high carotenoid accumulation together with chromoplast development, similar to citrus fruits during ripening. Interestingly, total carotenoid levels decrease in carrots roots when illuminated and develop chloroplasts, similar to normal roots exposed to light. The recent findings of the effect of light quality upon the induction of molecular factors involved in carotenoid synthesis in leaves, fruit, and roots are discussed, aiming to propose consensus mechanisms in order to contribute to the understanding of carotenoid synthesis regulation by light in plants. |
topic |
carotenoids photoreceptors chloroplasts chromoplasts light signaling |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1184 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT rocioquianulloa carotenoidbiosynthesisandplastiddevelopmentinplantstheroleoflight AT claudiastange carotenoidbiosynthesisandplastiddevelopmentinplantstheroleoflight |
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1724322307905683456 |